The dataset consists of simulated waveforms and eye diagrams captured at both transmitter (Tx) and receiver (Rx) ends, aiming to assess transmission performance across various operational temperatures of the VCSEL-based Tx (25, 55, and 85 °C). For each temperature, two scenarios of RF electrical inputs were examined, corresponding to peak-to-peak voltages of 0.4 and 0.8 V for 50 GBaud OOK-NRZ signals. Following this, the transmission performance was examined across fiber lengths of 500 m and 1 km for both RF cases, as well as in the scenario where the Tx-end was directly connected to the Rx-end (Back-to-back, B2B). The data collection focused on capturing simulated data at four critical stages of the transmission: a) during the generation of the RF 50 GBaud OOK-NRZ signals, b) at the VCSEL output, c) at the photodiode (PD) input, and d) during the reception of the electrical signal at the Rx-end. The operational temperature factor was also considered when applying the transfer function in the VCSEL component of the Tx. The devices that impose the bandwidth limitations and are investigated in these simulations, were: the laser driver, VCSEL (also affected by operational temperature and RF input voltage swing), PD, and transimpedance amplifier (TIA).