Carybdea arborifera , Maas 1897
Description
Carybdea arborifera Maas, 1897
Figs. 2 A–E
Material examined: Ten (10) different sized specimens from Kewalo Basin (Hawaii), May 29, 2013, collected by Angel Yanagihara; preserved in 5% buffered formaldehyde solution. Five (5) specimens deposited in the Natural History Museum of Barcelona (Museu de Ciències Naturals de Barcelona), Spain (MZB 2015-1703).
Diagnosis: Gastric phacellae epaulette shaped, single rooted, multiple stemmed; velarial canals 2 per octant; biforked to multiple branched; Pedalial knee bend rounded; no appendage.
Description: Adult medusa: Bell (Fig. 2A), blunt pyramidal, highly transparent, mesoglea thin, regularly scattered with small, colourless, nematocyst warts, from apex to bell margin. Bell height, up to 30 mm, bell width, up to 33 mm.
Pedalia (Fig. 2B), 4, simple, unbranched flattened, scalpel-shaped, outer keel lined with rows of white nematocyst warts, carrying single, pale pink coloured homogeneous banded tentacle; pedalial canal diamondshaped in diameter, rounded knee bend without appendage.
Rhopalia, 4, located inside heart-shaped rhopalial niche ostium; few, very small, round nematocyst warts on upper scale; rhopalium with 6 eyes (2 median lens eyes + 2 lateral slit eyes + 2 lateral pit eyes).
Velarium (Fig. 2E), free of nematocyst warts, containing 2 velarial canal roots per octant, velarial canals, broad, biforked to multiple branched, rounded tips; canals flanking frenulum, small, mostly bi-forked, canals flanking pedalia, larger, more complexly branched: bi-forked with additional bi-forked side branches.
Gastric phacellae (Fig. 2C), 4, epaulette-shaped, on 4 stomach corners, single rooted, gastric filaments (Fig. 2D), brush-shaped, multiple short stems attached to single root. In two specimens mysid shrimp and a polychaete worm were found in the stomach.
Gonads, 4 pairs, leaf-shaped, extending from stomach to velarium.
Remarks: Maas (1903, 1910), Bigelow (1909), and Mayer (1910) considered C. arborifera to be a junior synonym of C. rastonii. However, the molecular phylogeny by Bentlage et al. (2010) demonstrated that C. arborifera and C. rastonii are two different species.
Reported distribution C. arborifera: Pacific Ocean (Hawaii)
Notes
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Linked records
Additional details
Identifiers
Biodiversity
- Family
- Carybdeidae
- Genus
- Carybdea
- Kingdom
- Animalia
- Order
- Carybdeida
- Phylum
- Cnidaria
- Scientific name authorship
- , Maas
- Species
- arborifera
- Taxon rank
- species
- Taxonomic concept label
- Carybdea arborifera , 1897 sec. Acevedo, Straehler-Pohl, Morandini, Stampar, Bentlage, Matsumoto, Yanagihara, Toshino, Bordehore & Fuentes, 2019
References
- Maas, O. (1897) XXI. Die Medusen-Reports on an exploration off the West Coasts of Mexico, Central and South America, and off the Galapagos Islands, in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the U. S. Fish Comission Steamer " Albatross " during 1891, Lieutenant Commander Z. L. Tanner, U. S. N., Commanding. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 23 (1), 1 - 92.
- Maas, O. (1903) Die Scyphomedusen der Siboga-Expedition. Siboga-Expeditie, 11 (10), 1 - 91.
- Maas, O. (1910) Japanische Medusen-Beitrage zur Naturgeschichte Ostasiens. Abhandlungen der II. Klasse der Koniglichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1 (8), 1 - 52.
- Bigelow, H. B. (1909) Reports on the scientific results of the expedition to the eastern tropical Pacific, in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the U. S. Fish Commission Steamer " Albatross " from Oct. 1904 to March 1905, Lieut. Commander L. M. Garrett, U. S. N., commanding, XVI. The Medusae. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 37, 1 - 243.
- Mayer, A. G. (1910) The Scyphomedusae. In: The Medusae of the World. Vol. III. Carnegie Institution of Washington, 109 (3), 499 - 735.