A New Polarization-Reconfigurable Antenna for 5G Applications

This paper presented a new circular polarization reconfigurable antenna for 5G wireless communications. The antenna, containing a semicircular slot, was compact in size and had a good axial ratio and frequency response. Two PIN diode switches controlled the reconfiguration for both the right-hand and left-hand circular polarization. Reconfigurable orthogonal polarizations were achieved by changing the states of the two PIN diode switches, and the reflection coefficient |S11| was maintained, which is a strong benefit of this design. The proposed polarization-reconfigurable antenna was modeled using the Computer Simulation Technology (CST) software. It had a 3.4 GHz resonance frequency in both states of reconfiguration, with a good axial ratio below 1.8 dB, and good gain of 4.8 dBic for both modes of operation. The proposed microstrip antenna was fabricated on an FR-4 substrate with a loss tangent of 0.02, and relative dielectric constant of 4.3. The radiating layer had a maximum size of 18.3 × 18.3 mm², with 50 Ω coaxial probe feeding