PASSENGER D4.3 - Report on preliminary Life Cycle Assessment and Material Flow analysis-R2

This document is the updated version of D4.2 Report on preliminary Life Cycle Assessment
and Material Flow analysis-R1 within the framework of WP4 - Raw Materials. Sustainability,
techno-economic, health and safety assessment. The present report contains the main
results of the WP4 of PASSENGER project based on the latest data obtained from the
technical WPs during the project implementation. The purpose of the present report is to
present a preliminary assessment of the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), Life Cycle Costing
(LCC) and Material Flow Analysis (MFA) based on advanced data of the processes that are
being developed inside the PASSENGER project. The latest data from Task 4.1 and
literature data on the full value chain were utilised for updating the Material Flow Analysis.
The scope of D4.3 is to perform several revised LCA/LCC/MFA studies in order to
incorporate the environmental and economic results in the technologies and products and
quantify raw materials use in PASSENGER solution.
The LCA study has been performed following the ISO 14040 standards. The Life Cycle
Inventory (LCI) was updated using the latest available data provided by the partners
regarding the mass and energy balances or their technologies and processes. All these
data were collected in deliverable 4.4 “Collect all required life cycle inventory data at
material, process and prototype level”. The database LCI was built by gathering information
on inputs (consumption of different production parameters, energy, and water) and outputs
(wastes and emissions) related to the production process. The filled database was
processed with LCIA (Life Cycle Impact Assessment) methods for the quantification of the
absolute impact, considering a full set of environmental indicators (carbon and water
footprint, particular matter formation, cumulative energy demand, ecotoxicity etc.) for the
identification of the environmental hotspots within the developed technology. In this report,
a benchmarking LCA study of the conventional technologies is also presented for
comparison purposes and evaluation of the environmental benefits of the PASSENGER
solution. Moreover, the economic life cycle assessment of the proposed PASSENGER
solution was investigated including CAPEX and OPEX calculations as part of the Life Cycle
Costing analysis. Finally, the framework of the Social Life Cycle assessment study aiming
to investigate the societal impact of PASSENGER project with a time horizon for 5, 25 and
50 years is presented in the present deliverable.