Agriculture Practices to Reduce In-Field Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Population growth and climate change together pose a serious threat to the availability,
accessibility, and security of food in emerging nations. The result of past overexploitation
of natural resources is the climate as it is today. Even the agricultural sector contributed to
it by transforming the naturally diverse nature into a cultivated, uniform area. Through a
disciplined review of the literature, an effort is made to understand the concept and to
pinpoint the linked ideas. The global temperature raised and there was less fresh water
available as a result of increased greenhouse gas emissions. Agricultural practices that
emit carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxides into the atmosphere include burning litter,
anaerobic decomposition of organic matter, rice grown in flooding areas, etc. The effect is
typically lessened by conservation agriculture, intercropping system, cover crop, crop
rotation, effective cropping systems, good crop residue management, and increased nutrient
usage efficiency. Precision farming, the use of slow release fertilisers, effective water
management in rice fields, the use of dung and energy crops, requirement for specific
agroforestry and grazing management practices, and the replacement of fossil fuels with crop residues all significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Biochar, a product of the
pyrolysis of plant and animal biomass, increases soil fertility, lowers pollution, and
promotes agricultural residue recycling in addition to sequestering carbon. Henceforth, for
India’s agricultural production systems to be viable into the future there is a need to reduce
the in-field greenhouse gases emissions through climate smart agriculture practices.