Does a gluten-free diet result in nutritional deficiencies? – a review of literature

ŚWIERCZ, Aleksandra, ŻUREK, Urszula, TOŁWIŃSKI, Ignacy, KĘDZIERSKA, Zofia, ANTKOWIAK, Klaudia, DADAS, Klaudia, MAŁACHOWSKA, Dominika, CIECIERSKI-KOŹLAREK, Hubert and SHVED, Kateryna. Does a gluten-free diet result in nutritional deficiencies? – a review of literature. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2023;34(1):140-153. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2023.34.01.012

https://apcz.umk.pl/JEHS/article/view/44881

https://zenodo.org/record/8206230

 

 

 

 

 

The journal has had 40 points in Ministry of Education and Science of Poland parametric evaluation. Annex to the announcement of the Minister of Education and Science of 17.07.2023 No. 32318. Has a Journal's Unique Identifier: 201159. Scientific disciplines assigned: Physical Culture Sciences (Field of Medical sciences and health sciences); Health Sciences (Field of Medical Sciences and Health Sciences).

Punkty Ministerialne z 2019 - aktualny rok 40 punktów. Załącznik do komunikatu Ministra Edukacji i Nauki z dnia 17.07.2023 Lp. 32318. Posiada Unikatowy Identyfikator Czasopisma: 201159.

Przypisane dyscypliny naukowe: Nauki o kulturze fizycznej (Dziedzina nauk medycznych i nauk o zdrowiu); Nauki o zdrowiu (Dziedzina nauk medycznych i nauk o zdrowiu).

© The Authors 2023;

This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland

Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike.

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The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper.

Received: 02.07.2023. Revised:30.07.2023. Accepted: 31.07.2023. Published: 08.08.2023.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Does a gluten-free diet result in nutritional deficiencies? – a review of literature

Aleksandra Świercz

Warszawski Szpital Południowy, ul. rtm. Witolda Pileckiego 99, 02-781 Warszawa, Poland

ORCiD: 0009-0007-1535-1590

e-mail: aleksandra.swiercz1996@gmail.com

Urszula Żurek

Warszawski Szpital Południowy, ul. rtm. Witolda Pileckiego 99, 02-781 Warszawa, Poland

ORCiD: 0009-0008-3482-5381

  e-mail: ula.zurek@gmail.com

Ignacy Tołwiński

Warszawski Szpital Południowy, ul. rtm. Witolda Pileckiego 99, 02-781 Warszawa, Poland

ORCiD: 0000-0003-1362-6734

e-mail: ignacyt233@gmail.com

Zofia Kędzierska

Warszawski Szpital Południowy, ul. rtm. Witolda Pileckiego 99, 02-781 Warszawa, Poland

ORCiD: 0000-0002-4181-4719

e-mail: zo.kedzierska@gmail.com

Klaudia Antkowiak

Szpital Średzki Serca Jezusowego z.o.o ul. Żwirki i Wigury 10, 63-000 Środa Wielkopolska, Poland

ORCiD: 0009-0008-3421-2200

e-mail: klaudia.antkowiak2021@gmail.com

 

Klaudia Dadas

Warszawski Szpital Południowy, ul. rtm. Witolda Pileckiego 99, 02-781 Warszawa, Poland

ORCiD: 0009-0007-3352-9807

e-mail: klaudia.w.2703@gmail.com

Dominika Małachowska

Warszawski Szpital Południowy, ul. rtm. Witolda Pileckiego 99, 02-781 Warszawa, Poland

ORCiD: 0009-0008-6305-7959

e-mail: dominika1.malachowska@gmail.com

Hubert Ciecierski-Koźlarek

Wojewódzki Szpital Specjalistyczny w Olsztynie, ul. Żołnierska 18, 10-561 Olsztyn, Poland

ORCiD: 0009-0009-4062-6888

e-mail: hubertciecierski@icloud.com

Kateryna Shved

Wielospecjalistyczny Szpital Miejski im. Józefa Strusia, ul. Szwajcarska 3, 61-285 Poznań, Poland

ORCiD: 0009-0002-3773-7025

e-mail: katey.shved@gmail.com

 

 

Abstract

Introduction and purpose:

Gluten-free diet have gained immense popularity in recent years, both as a treatment for coeliac disease and as a lifestyle choice for those who believe it is healthier. However, concerns have been raised about potential nutrient inadequacies resulting from the elimination of gluten-containing grains. The purpose of this review is to assess the state of knowledge regarding the impact of a gluten-free diet on nutritional status.

Materials and methods:

A comprehensive search was conducted using electronic database PubMed to identify relevant studies published between 1999 and 2022. Keywords such as "gluten-free diet" and "nutritional deficiencies" were used in combination with Boolean operators to refine the search.

A brief description of the state of knowledge:

Analysis of studies revealed that individuals adhering to a gluten-free diet may be at risk of nutritional deficiencies including micronutrients such as vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin B complex along with minerals, in particular iron, zinc, calcium, magnesium as well as fibre. Furthermore, higher levels of fat and sugar were observed in the composition of gluten-free products.

Conclusions:

Based on the current body of literature, it is evident that a gluten-free diet results in certain nutritional deficiencies. Individuals following gluten-free diet should be aware of potential risks and take appropriate measures to ensure a well-balanced and nutrient-rich diet. Nutritional guidance should be provided to individuals to address specific nutrient deficiencies associated with a gluten-free diet.

Keywords: gluten-free diet; nutritional deficiencies; gluten-free; fibre; vitamins; coeliac disease