Effect Of Salt Stress On Physiological Traits Of Different Wheat Genotypes

The effect of artificial soil salinity on physiological prosesses occurring in some wheat genotypes of Triticum aestivum L. (Giymatli-2/17, Nurlu-99 və Azamatli-95) and Triticum durum Desf. (Garagylchyg-2 və Barakatli-95) has been studied. Stress caused by salinity was shown to influence differently on amounts of photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids) in plant leaves depending on its duration. The amount of the pigments increased till the 5th day of the stress and then it began to decrease. It was found that 150 mM concentration of NaCl did not effect significantly on photochemical activities (yield parameter (FMF0)/FM) of chloroplasts determined by changes in photosystem II fluorescence. Whereas 300 mM concentration of NaCl led to a significant decrease in the photochemical activity of chloroplasts. This decrease was more pronounced in the Garagylchyg-2 genotype. Under the influence of 150 mM NaCl activities of antioxidant enzymes such as ascorbate peroxidase (APO), catalase (CAT) and guaiacol peroxidase (GPO) increased while the activity of glutathione reductase (GR) decreased (with the exception of the Barakatli-95 genotype). The activities of the antioxidant enzymes were unchanged under the influence of 300 mM NaCl depending on the genotypic characteristics of the samples, but the APO and GPO activities were high in the Barakatli-95 genotype.