Biodiversity Literature Repository
Published October 2, 2023 | Version v1
Taxonomic treatment Open

Micrommata virescens

Creators

Description

Micrommata virescens (Clerck, 1757)

Figs 1, 104–140

Araneus virescens Clerck, 1757: 138, pl. 6, fig. 4 (Description of female; holotype female from SWEDEN, NHRS, lost). Schrank 1781: 533; Martyn 1793: 65, pl. 10, fig. 5 (redescription of female).

Araneus roseus Clerck, 1757: 137, pl. 6, fig. 7 (Description of male; holotype male from SWEDEN, NHRS, lost). Martyn 1793: 65, pl. 9, fig. 9 (redescription of male).

Aranea viridissima. De Geer 1778: 252, pl. 18, figs 6–16 (description of male, female; N.B.: unjustified emendation of virescens).

Aranea rosea. Olivier 1789: 226.

Aranea smaragdula Fabricius, 1793: 412 (Description of?).

Aranea ornata Walckenaer, 1802: 226 (Description of?; preoccupied by Sulzer 1776, see Philodromus margaritatus)

Micrommata smaragdina. Latreille 1804: 135. Latreille 1806: 115 (N.B.: unjustified emendation of smaragdula). Hahn 1833 a: 119, fig. 89 (redescription of male, female).

Sparassus smaragdulus. Walckenaer 1805: 39; Sundevall 1831: 40; Sundevall 1832: 147 (redescription of male, female; synonym of Sparassus roseus); Blackwall 1861 a: 102, pl. 5, fig. 61 (redescription of male, female).

Sparassus roseus. Walckenaer 1805: 40.

Sparassus ornatus. Walckenaer 1805: 40. Walckenaer 1837: 583 (Redescription of male, female). C.L. Koch 1845: 90, fig. 1021 (illustration of female).

Sparassus smaragdinus. Walckenaer 1830: 102 (S of Sparassus virescens).

Sparassus virescens C.L. Koch 1837: 28 (Synonymy of Sparassus smaragdinus [= S. smaragdulus]); C.L. Koch 1845: 87, fig. 1019 (illustration of male); Westring 1861: 406; Prach 1866: 632, pl. 11, figs 3–5, 22–25 (male, female).

Sparassus fulvus Simon, 1868: 453 (Description of male, female).

Micrommata virescens. Thorell 1870: 176; Thorell 1871: 227; Menge 1875: 389, pl. 67, fig. 222 (male, female); Herman 1879: 370 (S of Micrommata virescens ornata); Hansen 1882: 63, pl. 4, fig. 9 (male, female); Becker 1882 b: 155, pl. 13, fig. 1 (male, female); Chyzer & Kulczyński 1891: 79, pl. 3, fig. 14 (male, female); Simon 1897a: 66, figs 55, 57; Bösenberg 1903: 410, pl. 39, fig. 605 (male, female); Kulczyński 1911: 36, pl. 1, figs 39-40 (m). Järvi 1912: 63, f. 52, pl. 5, figs 1–6 (f); Järvi 1914: 178; Bristowe 1926: 126, figs 3–6 (illustration of male, female); Bristowe 1941: 497, fig. 95 (redescription of male, female); Locket & Millidge 1951: 167, figs 84A–C (male, female); Bristowe 1958: 135, figs 66a–b (male, female); Yaginuma 1960: 119, figs 100.10–11 (male, female); Azheganova 1968: 102, figs 243–244 (male, female); Paik 1968: 174, figs 5–6, 30–40 (male, female); Yaginuma 1971: 119, figs 100.10–11 (male, female); Braendegaard 1972: 8, figs 1–2 (male, female); Roberts 1985: 96, fig. 38a (male, female); Hu & Fu 1985: 89, figs 1–6 (male, female); Yaginuma 1986: 197, fig. 110.1 (male, female); Hu & Wu 1989: 312, figs 249.1–6 (male, female); Izmailova 1989: 121, fig. 112 (m); Chikuni 1989 b: 131, fig. 4 (male, female); Roberts 1995: 147, figs (male, female); Roberts 1998: 156, figs (male, female); Song et al. 1999: figs 269G, M (male, female); Jäger 1999a: 7 (S of Micrommata virescens ornata confirmed); Jäger & Ono 2000: 43, figs 1-6 (male, female); Jäger 2000b: 239, figs 11, 14, 17, 20, 25-26 (m); Namkung 2002: 500, figs 40.4a–b (male, female); Bayram & Özdag 2002: 305, figs 1A–F (male, female); Namkung 2003: 503, figs 40.4a–b (male, female); Urones 2004: 48, figs 18–21 (male, female, S of Micrommata virescens valvulata); Almquist 2006: 451, figs 388a–f (male, female); Ono 2009: 472, figs 13–15 (male, female); Marusik & Kovblyuk 2011: 229, figs 33.1–7 (male, female); Lecigne 2011: 55, fig. p. 55 (f); Jäger 2016: 64, figs 1–5 (m); Breitling et al. 2016: 57 (S of Micrommata virescens valvulata confirmed); Lecigne 2016: 33, figs 15D–E (f); Kim & Lee 2017: 54, figs 30A–E, pl. 10 (male, female); Breitling 2020: 356, figs 33B–C (m).

Micrommata virescens ornata Chyzer & Kulczyński 1891: 79.

Micrommata ornate. Thorell 1871: 228; Menge 1875: 394, pl. 67, fig. 223 (male, female); Becker 1882: 158, pl. 13, fig. 2 (male, female).

Micrommata fulva Simon 1874: 275.

Micrommata viridissima valvulata Franganillo, 1913: 131 (description of female)

Micrommata viridissima. Reimoser 1931: 129, fig. 4 (redescription of male, female); Palmgren 1943: 77, fig. 81 (redescription of male, female); Tullgren 1944: 127, pl. 18, figs 245–247 (redescription of male, female).

Micrommata rosea. Simon 1932: 891, 959, fig. 1335–1336 (male, female).

Micrommata roseum ornata Simon 1932: 892, 960 (Synonym of Micrommata fulva).

Micrommata roseum. Miller 1971: 62, pl. III, fig. 7 (illustration of male); Paik 1978: 399, figs 180.1-6 (illustration of male, female); Heimer & Nentwig 1991: 456, fig. 1201 (illustration of male, female); Mcheidze 1997: 120, figs 176–178 (illustration of male, female).

Material examined. GERMANY: Hamburg: 1 female, bei Hamburg [ca. 53°28’17.68”N, 10° 2’36.96”E, 7 m], Sch ̧tz leg. 1995, PJ 345, MVGERF4 (SMF). Thuringia: 1 male, S of Weimar [50°56’39.04”N, 11°20’59.37”E, 269 m], meadow in forest, A. Grabolle leg. 26 May 2008, TK 5034 (SMF); 1 male, close to Jena, N of Reinstädt, [50°48’55.99”N, 11°28’40.15”E, 439 m], upper part of a dry slope, A. Grabolle leg. 22 May 2008, TK 5134 (SMF); 1 male, without locality data, R. Samm leg. & ded. 6.6.1996, PJ 698 (SMF); 1 juvenile female(?), Weimarer Land, SE Erfurt, bei Kranichwald [50°51’43.89”N, 11°12’55.11”E, 362 m], clearing in spruce high forest, on blueberry shrubs, A. Grabolle leg. July 2008, TK 5139 (SMF); 2 females, Ilm district, E of Ilmenau, shore of small lake in forest [50°41’6.41”N, 10°57’20.28”E, 473 m], in retreat, A. Grabolle leg. July 2008, K 5332, MVGERF2–3 (SMF). Baden-Württemberg: 1 female, Swabian Alb, bei Balingen [48°15'34.57"N, 8°52'16.45"E, 593 m], M. Grasshoff leg. 14 August 1958, MVGERF1N (SMF). Bavaria: 1 female (with nymphs), East-Allgäu, Oberstdorf, Hahnenköpfle, below Riefenkopf, 47°22'44.40"N, 10°19'30.40"E, ca. 1799 m, S. Huber leg. 10 August 2013, TK 8627, MVGERF1, SD 447 (SMF); 1 subadult male, 1 subadult female, Spessart, bei Wiesen [50° 6'28.70"N, 9°22'41.39"E, 442 m], W. Hohorst leg. (SMF). CZECH REPUBLIC: Prague: 1 female, South of Prague [49°54’39.00”N, 14°33’3.90”E, 424 m], S. Huber leg. 26 July 2005, MVCZEF1 (SMF). SWITZERLAND: Wallis: 1 female, Zermatt [ca. 46° 1'19.61"N, 7°45'14.46"E, 1648 m], MVSWIFN1 (SMF). AUSTRIA: Carinthia: 1 male, Carnic Alps, Sch ̧tt/ Gailtal, Nassfeld, ski arena [46°34’22.43”N, 13°15’45.88”E, 1588 m], J. Martens leg. June 1966, A. Witwicka det. (SMF). SPAIN: Basque Country: 1 female, ca 3 km E of Orduna, 42°59’37.40”N, 2°58’15.50”W, 430 m, S. Huber leg. 28 April 2007, MVS PAF1 (SMF). ITALY: Piedmont: 1 female, Turin [45° 2’53.40”N, 302 m], S. Huber leg. June 2006, SD 532, MVITAF1 (SMF); 1 female, Turin, Superga, 45° 4’50.30”N, 7°46’2.10”E, 674 m, S. Huber leg. 24 June 2011, SD711 (SMF). Lazio: 1 female, SE of Rome, Rocca die Papa [ca. 41°46’9.94”N, 12°42’45.67”E, 535 m], forest margin, G. Ackermann leg. October 2004, MVITAF3. HUNGARY: Nógrád: 2 females, Börzsöny hség, Csoványos [47°56’56.44”N, 18°56’52.78”E, 931 m], L. Szijj-Vágvölgyi leg. 2 May 1948, MVHUNF1/1A (SMF). Western Transdanubia: 1 female, ca. 15 km E Szombathely [ca. 47°20’14.82”N, 16°30’57.23”E, 316 m], S. Huber. leg. & det. 27 July 2002, MVHUNF1 (SMF). ROMANIA: Sud-Vest Oltenia: 1 male, Vilcea, E of Horezu, Muzeul (museum) Trovatiļor, 45° 8’14.60”N, 24° 4’5.20”E, 446 m, A. Schönhofer & R. Plăiasu leg. 2 May 2005 (SMF). BULGARIA: Kyustendil Province: 1 male, Rila Mountains, Rila monastery, 42° 7’9.36”N, 23°19’30.66”E [1062 m], P. Jäger & D. Kunz leg. 6 August 2005, PJ 3413, SD 413 (SMF). Blagoevgrad: 1 female, E Melnik, Rozhen monastery, 41°31’54.54”N, 23°25’38.58”E, 587 m, P. Jäger leg. 3 August 2005 by hand, SD 408, MVBULF1 (SMF). GREECE: West Macedonia: 1 male, Prespes, 250 m W of Agios Germanos [40°50’20.95”N, 21° 9’10.38”E, 985 m], M. Chatzaki leg. by hand 26 June 2014, FC 17083 (SMF); 2 females, Prespes, 850 m NE of Agios Germanos [40°50’46.22”N, 21°10’0.26”E, 1067 m], M. Chatzaki leg. by hand 26 June 2014, FC 17050, MVGREF3–4 (SMF); 1 male, Prespes, 1.1 km NW of Pyli [40°46’55.17”N, 21° 1’44.09”E, 1013 m], M. Chatzaki leg. 27 June 2014, FC 17042 (SMF); 1 male, Prespes, 1.9 km NW of Pisoderi [40°48’1.16”N, 21°14’6.72”E, 1532 m], M. Chatzaki leg. 25 June 2014, FC 17048 (SMF); 1 female, Grevena, 3.3 km W of Zakas [40° 1’38.50”N, 21°13’51.60”E, 1246 m], M. Chatzaki leg. 3 July 2014, FC 17169, MVGREF5 (SMF); 1 female, Grevena, 1.6 km S of Perivoli [39°57’55.70”N, 21° 6’59.99”E, 1422 m], M. Chatzaki leg. 1 July 2014, FC 17088, MVGREF6 (SMF); 1 female, Grevena, 0.8 km S of Perivoli [39°58’17.71”N, 21° 7’0.86”E, 1332 m], M. Chatzaki leg. 3 July 2014, FC 17085, MVGREF1 (SMF). Central Macedonia: 1 female, Agia Triada [ca. 40°29’50.84”N, 22°52’33.60”E, 27 m], Paliani, Phoiztidos, Parashi leg. 3 July 1984 (SMF). KAZAKHSTAN: Akmola: 1 female, Balkashino District, ca. 1–3 km E of Petrovka, Kokshetau Mountains [52°28’26.63”N, 68°45’0.45”E, 439 m], A.V. Gromov leg. 18–20 June 1997, MVKAZF4 (SMF). Almaty: 1 female, Zailijskij Alatau National Park, above Medeo [43° 6’42.62”N, 77° 6’54.90”E], 3200 m, Talghar Pass, A.V. Gromov leg. 19 June–1 August 1997, MVKAZF2 (SMF); 1 female, SW vicinities of Talghar town [43°16’24.21”N, 77°15’27.79”E, 1200 m], A.V. Gromov leg. 1 June 1998, MVKAZF3 (SMF). East Kazakhstan: 1 female, near Kutikha [49°51’7.09”N, 84° 4’32.52”E, 452 m], A.B. Nenilin & S. Deryugin leg. September 1985, Coll. Gromov, MVKAZF1 (SMF). RUSSIA: Novosibirsk: 1 male, 2 female, West Siberia, Novosibirsk Area, Novosibirsk environments [ca. 54°59’22.46”N, 83° 1’44.84”E, 152 m], bottomland Zirynka river, A. Kozlov leg. June 1950, MVSYBF (SMF); 1 female, West Siberia, Novosibirsk Area, Novosibirsk environments [ca. 54°59’22.46”N, 83° 1’44.84”E, 152 m], meadow, V.V. Dubatolov leg. 13 June 1992, MVSYBF1 (SMF); 1 female, Shadricka drive, bottomland [54°48’46.36”N, 83°11’41.87”E, 163 m], V.V. Dubatolov leg. 1–12 June 1992, S.Y- Rakov det. sub M. roseum, MVSYBF 2 (SMF). Altai: Teletskoye Lake, Artybash [51°47’40.57”N, 87°15’59.89”E, 468 m], V.V. Dubatolov leg. August 1992, S.Y. Rakov det. sub M. roseus, MVRUSF 1 (SMF). JAPAN: Nagano: 2 females, Karuizawa [ca. 36°20'48.77"N, 138°36'14.24"E, 985 m], J. Trotzig leg., MVJAPF1–2 (NHMS). Without exact locality: 1 female, sub Mexico [most likely incorrect locality] (NHMW). 1 male, Germany, Micr. 15 (SMF). 1 female [together with 1 female M. ligurina, see note there], Switzerland, Tarask [in Switzerland there is only a castle Tarasp in the canton of Grisons, with an elevation of 1492 m and in the middle of the Alps, it seems to be an unlikely locality for the southern European species; in France in the Rhone valley, there exists a town Tarascon (=formerly Tarasque), which would fit much better in the range of this species], Gerlach leg. 1908, FVSWIF2 (SMF).

Diagnosis. Males of M. virescens are recognised by the clearly visible embolus in ventral view and by the long RTA extending beyond cymbial spine base in retrolateral view (Figs 104–108; in all other species embolus seen only in retrolateral view and RTA not reaching beyond cymbial spine base). Females may be identified by the following combination of characters: 1. Epigynal pockets visible in ventral view with posterior margin of MS slightly to distinctly pointed or bulged medially, 2. Anteromedian incision of MS not reaching its centre, 3. Ventroanterior parts of IDS freely visible in dorsal view, i.e. not covered by dorso-anterior part of IDS, and 4. Glandular appendages situated slightly posterior to postero-median windings (Figs 115–128).

Description. MALE (from Germany, Thuringia, S of Weimar): Measurements: TL 7.1, PL 3.9, PW 3.1, AW 1.5, OL 3.8, OW 2.1. Eyes: AME 0.15, ALE 0.22, PME 0.16, PLE 0.18, AME-AME 0.14, AME-ALE 0.03, PME-PME 0.28, PME-PLE 0.20, AME-PME 0.38, ALE-PLE 0.17, CH AME 0.39, CH ALE 0.40 (Figs 110–112). Spination: Pp 131, 120, 2101, 1112; Fe I–III 323, IV 3(2)21; Pa I–IV 101; Ti I–II 2024, III–IV 2124; Mt I–II 1004, III 3024, IV 3037. Measurements of palps and legs: Pp 4.4 (1.4, 0.6, 1.0, -, 1.4); I 14.7 (4.0, 1.6, 4.0, 3.8, 1.3); II 15.6 (4.2, 1.6, 4.3, 4.1, 1.4); III 12.7 (3.6, 1.3, 3.4, 3.2, 1.2); IV 15.5 (4.3, 1.3, 4.0, 4.5, 1.4). Leg formula: II-IV-I-III. Cheliceral furrow with 2 promarginal and 4/5 retromarginal teeth, without denticles (Fig. 109), with 6 ES.

Palp (Figs 104–108): As in diagnosis. RTA tapering, slightly curved towards cymbium in ventral view. Fundus of spermophor moderately wide, may be more than or equal to width of basal tegular winding, retrolaterad to retrolatero-distad. Tegular denticle field weakly developed. Plate of embolic division lobed distally, and covering distal margin of tegulum in ventral view. Embolus large, sickle-shaped, and with serrate prolatero-proximal margin.

Colouration: Yellowish-brown with distal leg segments of legs slightly darker. DS with dark median band and indistinct lateral and marginal bands. OS dorsally with indistinct dark median band, with white guanine crystals throughout except for heart patch. Live spiders with green PS and appendages and yellow OS with red median band and 1 broad lateral red stripe each (Figs 133–136). Juveniles and subadults pale yellowish to greenish with many red to brownish dots all over (Figs 130–131).

FEMALE (from Thuringia, Ilmenau): Measurements: TL 12.0, PL 4.5, PW 3.7, AW 2.2, OL 7.7, OW 4.2.

Eyes: AME 0.15, ALE 0.20, PME 0.16, PLE 0.17, AME-AME 0.20, AME-ALE 0.05, PME-PME 0.41, PME-PLE 0.27, AME-PME 0.46, ALE-PLE 0.25, CH AME 0.44, CH ALE 0.44 (Fig. 113). Spination: Pp 130, 121, 2121, 1013; Fe I 323, II 223, III 323, IV 2(1)21; Pa I–IV 000; Ti I 1024, II 2014, III–IV 2123; Mt I–II 1004, III 3024, IV 3037. Measurements of palps and legs: Pp 4.6 (1.3, 0.7, 1.0, -, 1.6); I 14.7 (4.1, 1.8, 3.8, 3.7, 1.3); II 15.6 (4.5, 1.8, 4.1, 3.8, 1.4); III 12.6 (3.8, 1.6, 3.1, 2.9, 1.2); IV 15.8 (4.6, 1.7, 3.9, 4.2, 1.4). Leg formula: IV-II-I-III. Cheliceral furrow with 2 promarginal and 3/4 retromarginal teeth, without denticles (Fig. 114), with 7/8 ES.

Copulatory organ (Figs 115–128): As in diagnosis. EF and MS distinctly wider than long. Anterior incision of MS with distinct margins. MS with 4–6 radial grooves. Epigynal pockets distinct and widely separated. IDS posteriorly widened, glandular appendages oval. Fertilisation ducts with postero-lateral S-shaped part.

Colouration: Pale yellowish brown, slightly darker on MT and TA of legs. DS with indistinct dark bands consisting of dark setae. OS ventrally in front of spinnerets darker. Live spiders entirely vividly green throughout (Figs 134–136). Juveniles pale yellowish to greenish with many red to brownish dots all over (Figs 129, 132).

Variation. Males (n=14): TL 7.2–9.8, PL 3.8–4.4, OL 3.7–5.6, CH 2/4–6, ES 6–9. Females (n=44): TL 9.3– 17.7, PL 3.8–5.6, OL 5.4–12.2, CH 2/4–7, ES 6–9. MS width/length (unscaled measurements): 62/36=1.722, 61/40=1.525, 62/36=1.722, 70/46=1.521; Japan: 60/47=1.27, Novosibirsk: 74/54=1.37. MS with 3–5 radial grooves on each side.

Distribution. Europe, Ţrkiye, Caucasus, Russia (Urals to Far East), Iran, Central Asia, China, Korea, Japan (Fig. 1: red circles).

Notes

Published as part of Jäger, Peter, 2023, Revision of the huntsman spider genus Micrommata Latreille, 1804 (Sparassidae Sparassinae), pp. 1-45 in Zootaxa 5352 (1) on pages 29-37, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5352.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/8406886

Files

Files (17.2 kB)

Name Size Download all
md5:0af280e0508d66153613fa0e18289328
17.2 kB Download

System files (173.5 kB)

Name Size Download all
md5:09cb7d1ecd152b106e7a5df4d84eb40d
173.5 kB Download

Linked records

Additional details

Identifiers

URL
http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B087BBFFB4C30E52CEFF02700E4C67

Cites
Figure: 10.5281/zenodo.8406890 (DOI)
Figure: 10.5281/zenodo.8406933 (DOI)
Figure: 10.5281/zenodo.8406935 (DOI)
Figure: 10.5281/zenodo.8406937 (DOI)
Figure: 10.5281/zenodo.8406939 (DOI)
Figure: 10.5281/zenodo.8406942 (DOI)
Figure: 10.5281/zenodo.8406944 (DOI)
Figure: 10.5281/zenodo.8406946 (DOI)
Is part of
Journal article: 10.11646/zootaxa.5352.1.1 (DOI)
Journal article: http://zenodo.org/record/8406886 (URL)
Journal article: http://publication.plazi.org/id/FF89FFC3FFA8C32A5259FF95717B4D02 (URL)
Journal article: http://zoobank.org/ED680310-AF88-4A95-A436-40E7B276A79F (URL)
Is source of
https://biodiversitypmc.sibils.org/collections/plazi/03B087BBFFB4C30E52CEFF02700E4C67 (URL)
https://www.gbif.org/species/213730533 (URL)
https://www.checklistbank.org/dataset/270804/taxon/03B087BBFFB4C30E52CEFF02700E4C67.taxon (URL)

Biodiversity

Collection code
NHMS , NHMW , SMF
Event date
1948-05-02 , 1958-08-14 , 1984-07-03 , 1992-06-01 , 1992-06-13 , 1996-06-06 , 1997-06-18 , 1997-06-19 , 1998-06-01 , 2002-07-27 , 2005-05-02 , 2005-07-26 , 2005-08-03 , 2005-08-06 , 2007-04-28 , 2008-05-22 , 2008-05-26 , 2011-06-24 , 2013-08-10 , 2014-06-25 , 2014-06-26 , 2014-06-27 , 2014-07-01 , 2014-07-03
Family
Sparassidae
Genus
Micrommata
Kingdom
Animalia
Order
Araneae
Phylum
Arthropoda
Scientific name authorship
Clerck
Species
virescens
Taxon rank
species
Verbatim event date
1948-05-02 , 1958-08-14 , 1984-07-03 , 1992-06-01/12 , 1992-06-13 , 1996-06-06 , 1997-06-18/20 , 1997-06-19/08-01 , 1998-06-01 , 2002-07-27 , 2005-05-02 , 2005-07-26 , 2005-08-03 , 2005-08-06 , 2007-04-28 , 2008-05-22 , 2008-05-26 , 2011-06-24 , 2013-08-10 , 2014-06-25 , 2014-06-26 , 2014-06-27 , 2014-07-01 , 2014-07-03
Taxonomic concept label
Micrommata virescens (Clerck, 1757) sec. Jäger, 2023

References

  • Clerck, C. (1757) Aranei Svecici. Svenska spindlar, uti sina hufvud-slagter indelte samt under nagra och sextio sarskildte arter beskrefne och med illuminerade figurer uplyste. Laurentius Salvius, Stockholmiae [Stockholm], 154 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 119890
  • Schrank, F. von P. (1781) Enumeratio insectorum austriae indigenorum. Vidvam Eberhardi Klett et Franck [Eberhard Klett und Franck], Augustae Vindelicorum [Augsburg], 552 pp.
  • Martyn, T. (1793) Aranei, or a natural history of spiders, including the principal parts of the well known work on English spiders by Eleazar Albin, as also the whole of the celebrated publication on Swedish spiders by Charles Clerk. Tomkins & Vincent, London, 70 pp., 11 pls. (Clerck), 31 pp., 17 pls. (Albin) https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 119889
  • De Geer, C. (1778) Des araignees. In: Memoires pour servir a l'histoire des insectes. Tome septieme. Pierre Hesselberg, Stockholm, pp. 176 - 324, pls. 11 - 19 + 38 - 39.
  • Olivier, G. A. (1789) Araignee, Aranea. In: Encyclopedie Methodique, Histoire Naturelle, Insectes. Tome quatrieme. Panckoucke, Paris, pp. 173 - 240. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 82248
  • Fabricius, J. C. (1793) Entomologiae systematica emendata et aucta, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species adjectis synonimis, locis, observationibus, descriptionibus. Tom. II. Christian Gottlieb Proft, Hafniae [Copenhagen], 519 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 122153
  • Walckenaer, C. A. (1802) n. k. In: Faune parisienne. Insectes. ou Histoire abregee des insectes de environs de Paris. Vol. 2. Dentu, Paris, pp. 187 - 250.
  • Sulzer, J. H. (1776) Abgek ¸ rzte Geschichte der Insecten, nach dem Linnaeischen System. Erster Theil. H. Steiner & Comp. Buchh., Winterthur, 174 pp., 32 pls. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 11198
  • Latreille, P. A. (1804) Tableau methodique des Insectes. Nouveau Dictionnaire d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, 24, 129 - 295.
  • Latreille, P. A. (1806) Genera crustaceorum et insectorum. Tome 1. A. Koenig, Paris, 302 pp.
  • Hahn, C. W. (1833) n. k. In: Die Arachniden. Erster Band & Zweiter Band. C. H. Zeh'sche Buchhandlung, N ¸ rnberg, pp. 77 - 129, pls. 19 - 36 (figs. 57 - 95) & pp. 1 - 16, pls 37 - 47 (figs. 96 - 105). https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 43744
  • Walckenaer, C. A. (1805) Tableau des araneides ou caracteres essentiels des tribus, genres, familles et races que renferme le genre Aranea de Linne, avec la designation des especes comprises dans chacune de ces divisions. Dentu, Paris, 88 pp.
  • Sundevall, C. J. (1831) Svenska Spindlarnes Beskrifning. Fortsattning. Separate, published by P. A. Norstedt & Soner, Stockholm, 41 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 66046
  • Blackwall, J. (1861) A history of the spiders of Great Britain and Ireland. [Part I]. Ray Society, London, 174 pp., 12 pls. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 143674
  • Walckenaer, C. A. (1837) Histoire naturelle des insectes. Apteres. Tome premier. Roret, Paris, 682 pp., pls 1 - 15. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 61095
  • Koch, C. L. (1845) Die Arachniden. C. H. Zeh'sche Buchhandlung, Nurnberg, Zwolfter Band, 166 pp., plates 397 - 432, figs 960 - 1077. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 43744
  • Walckenaer, C. A. (1830) Araneides. In: Faune francaise ou histoire naturelle generale et particuliere des animaux qui se trouvent en France, constamment ou passagerement, a la surface du sol, dans les eaux qui le baignent et dans le littoral des mers qui le bornent par Viellot, Desmarrey, Ducrotoy, Audinet, Lepelletier et Walckenaer. Livraisons 26 & 29. Chez F. - G. Levrault, Paris, pp. 97 - 175 & 177 - 240.
  • Koch, C. L. (1837) Ubersicht des Arachnidensystems. Heft 1. C. H. Zeh'sche Buchhandlung, N ¸ rnberg, 39 pp., pls 1 - 6. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 39561
  • Westring, N. (1861) Araneae svecicae. Goteborgs Kungliga Vetenskaps och Vitterhets Samhalles Handlingar, 7, 1 - 615.
  • Prach, H. (1866) Monographie der Thomisiden (Krabbenspinnen) der Gegend von Prag, mit einem Anhange, das Verzeichniss der bisher in der Umgebung unserer Hauptstadt aufgefunden Araneen enthaltend. Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Koniglichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 16, 597 - 638.
  • Simon, E. (1868) Sur quelques araneides di midi de la France. Revue et Magasin de Zoologie Pure et Appliquee, Series 2, 20, 449 - 456.
  • Thorell, T. (1870) On European spiders. Review of the European genera of spiders, preceded by some observations on zoological nomenclature [second part]. Nova Acta Regiae Societatis Scientiarum Upsaliensis, Series 3, 7 (II, 1), 109 - 242.
  • Thorell, T. (1871) Remarks on synonyms of European spiders. Part II. C. J. Lundstro ¨ m, Uppsala, pp. 97 - 228. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 69282
  • Menge, A. (1875) Preussische Spinnen. VII. Abtheilung. Schriften der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Danzig, Neue folge, 3 (3, Part 8), 375 - 422, pls. 64 - 70. [for 1874]
  • Herman, O. (1879) Magyarorszag pok-faunaja. Vol. 3. Kiadja a Kiralyi magyar termaszettudomanyi tarsulat, Budapest, 394 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 9704
  • Hansen, H. J. (1882) Spindeldyr. In: Schiodte, J. C. (Ed.), Zoologia Danica. Svmtibvs Weygandinis, Kjobenhavn, pp. 1 - 81 + I - V.
  • Becker, L. (1882) Les arachnides de Belgique, premiere partie. Annales du Musee Royal d'Histoire Naturelle de Belgique, 10, 1 - 246, pls. 1 - 27. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 48721
  • Chyzer, C. & Kulczynski, W. (1891) Araneae Hungariae. Tomus I. Academia Scientarum Hungaricae, Budapest, 170 pp., 4 pls.
  • Simon, E. (1897 a) Histoire naturelle des araignees. Deuxieme edition, tome second. Roret, Paris, pp. 1 - 192. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 51973
  • Bosenberg, W. (1903) Die Spinnen Deutschlands. V, VI. Zoologica, Stuttgart, 14 (5 - 6), 385 - 465, pls. 37 - 43. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 6508
  • Kulczynski, W. (1911) Fragmenta Arachnologica. XVI, XVII. Bulletin International de l'Academie des Sciences de Cracovie, 1911, 12 - 75.
  • Jarvi, T. H. (1912). Das Vaginalsystem der Sparassiden. I. Allgemeiner Teil. Annales Academiae Scientiarum Fennicae, Series A, 4, 1 - 131, pls 1 - 11.
  • Jarvi, T. H. (1914). Das Vaginalsystem der Sparassiden. II. Spezieller Teil. Annales Academiae Scientiarum Fennicae, Series A, 4, 118 - 235.
  • Bristowe, W. S. (1926) The mating habits of British thomisid and sparassid spiders. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 9, 18 (103), 114 - 131. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222932608633484
  • Bristowe, W. S. (1941) n. k. In: The comity of spiders. Vol. II. Ray Society, London, pp. 229 - 560, pls. 20 - 22.
  • Locket, G. H. & Millidge, A. F. (1951) British spiders. Vol. I. Ray Society, London, 310 pp.
  • Bristowe, W. S. (1958) The world of spiders. Collins, London, 304 pp.
  • Yaginuma, T. (1960) Spiders of Japan in colour. Hoikusha, Osaka, 186 pp.
  • Azheganova, N. S. (1968) Kratkii opredelitel' paukov (Aranei) lesnoi i lesostepnoi zony SSSR. Akademia Nauk SSSR, Leningrad, 149 pp.
  • Paik, K. Y. (1968) The Heteropodidae (Araneae) of Korea. Theses collection of Kyungpook University, 12, 167 - 185.
  • Yaginuma, T. (1971) Spiders of Japan in colour. Enlarged and Revised Edition. Hoikusha, Osaka, 197 pp. [for 1969]
  • Braendegaard, J. (1972) Edderkopper eller spindlere II. Danmarks Fauna, 80, 1 - 231.
  • Roberts, M. J. (1985) The spiders of Great Britain and Ireland. Vol. 1. Atypidae to Theridiosomatidae. Harley Books, Colchester, 229 pp.
  • Hu, J. L. & Fu, Y. P. (1985) On two species of Heteropodidae (Araneae) from Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China. Bulletin, Shadong University, 3, 86 - 93.
  • Yaginuma, T. (1986) Spiders of Japan in color. New Edition. Hoikusha Publishing Co., Osaka, 305 pp., 64 pls.
  • Hu, J. L. & Wu, W. G. (1989) Spiders from agricultural regions of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China. Shandong University Publishing House, Jinan, 435 pp.
  • Izmailova, M. V. (1989) [Fauna of Spiders of South Part of Eastern Siberia]. Irkutsk State University Publishing, 184 pp.
  • Chikuni, Y. (1989) Pictorial encyclopedia of spiders in Japan. Kaisei-sha Publishing Co., Tokyo, 310 pp.
  • Roberts, M. J. (1995) Collins Field Guide: Spiders of Britain & Northern Europe. HarperCollins, London, 383 pp.
  • Roberts, M. J. (1998) Spinnengids. Tirion, Baarn, 397 pp.
  • Song, D. X., Zhu, M. S. & Chen, J. (1999) The spiders of China. Hebei Science and Technology Publishing House, Shijiazhuang, 640 pp
  • Jager, P. (1999 a) Sparassidae - the valid scientific name for the huntsman spiders (Arachnida: Araneae). Arachnologische Mitteilungen, 17, 1 - 10. https: // doi. org / 10.5431 / aramit 1701
  • Jager, P. & Ono, H. (2000) Sparassidae of Japan. I. New species of Olios, Heteropoda, and Sinopoda, with notes on some known species (Araneae: Sparassidae: Sparassinae and Heteropodinae). Acta Arachnologica, 49, 41 - 60. https: // doi. org / 10.2476 / asjaa. 49.41
  • Jager, P. (2000 b) On Adcatomus ciudadus Karsch 1880, a remarkable spider species from Lima, with comments on South American Sparassidae (Arachnida, Araneae). Mitteilungen aus dem Museum f ¸ r Naturkunde in Berlin, Zoologische Reihe, 76, 237 - 242. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / mmnz. 20000760206
  • Namkung, J. (2002) The spiders of Korea. Kyo-Hak Publishing Co., Seoul, 648 pp.
  • Bayram, A. & Ozdag, S. (2002) Micrommata virescens (Clerck, 1757), a new species for the spider fauna of Turkey (Araneae, Sparassidae). Turkish Journal of Zoology, 26, 305 - 307.
  • Namkung, J. (2003) The Spiders of Korea, 2 nd. ed. Kyo-Hak Publishing Co., Seoul, 648 pp.
  • Urones, C. (2004) El genero Micrommata (Araneae, Sparassidae) en la Peninsula Iberica, con la descripcion do dos nuevas especies. Revista Iberica de Aracnologia, 10, 41 - 52.
  • Almquist, S. (2006) Swedish Araneae. Part 2 - families Dictynidae to Salticidae. Insect Systematics & Evolution, 63 (Supplement), 285 - 601.
  • Ono, H. (2009) The spiders of Japan with keys to the families and genera and illustrations of the species. Tokai University Press, Kanagawa, 739 pp.
  • Marusik, Y. M. & Kovblyuk, M. M. (2011) Spiders (Arachnida, Aranei) of Siberia and Russian Far East. KMK Scientific Press, Moscow, 344 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.15298 / arthsel. 20.1.03
  • Lecigne, S. (2011) Inventaire araneologique dans la Province d'Izmir (Turquie) (Arachnida, Araneae). Le bulletin d'Arthropoda, 46, 5 - 83.
  • Jager, P. (2016) A plea for taxonomic drawings and against pure photo-taxonomy. Indian Journal of Arachnology, 5, 61 - 66.
  • Breitling, R., Bauer, T., Schafer, M., Morano, E., Barrientos, J. A. & Blick, T. (2016) Phantom spiders 2: More notes on dubious spider species from Europe. Arachnologische Mitteilungen, 52, 50 - 77. https: // doi. org / 10.5431 / aramit 5209
  • Lecigne, S. (2016) Atlas preliminaire des araignees Araneae du Nord et du Pas-de-Calais. Le Heron, 48 (2015), 1 - 236.
  • Kim, S. T. & Lee, S. Y. (2017) Arthropoda: Arachnida: Aaraneae [sic]: Oecobiidae, Oxyopidae, Cybaeidae, Dictynidae, Sparassidae, Philodromidae. Spiders II. Invertebrate Fauna of Korea, 21 (42), 1 - 122.
  • Breitling, R. (2020) South European spiders from the Duffey collection in the Manchester Museum (Arachnida: Araneae). Arachnology, 18, 333 - 362. https: // doi. org / 10.13156 / arac. 2020.18.4.333
  • Simon, E. (1874) Etudes arachnologiques. 3 e memoire. V. Revision des especes europeennes de la famille des Sparassidae. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, Series 5, 4, 243 - 279, pl. 5.
  • Franganillo B., R. P. (1913) Aracnidos de Asturias y Galicia. Broteria, Serie Zoologica, 11, 119 - 133.
  • Reimoser, E. (1931) Einheimische Spinnen 6 - 9. Die Natur, Wien, 7, 38 - 41 + 57 - 61 + 83 - 87 + 127 - 130.
  • Palmgren, P. (1943) Die Spinnenfauna Finnlands II. Acta Zoologica Fennica, 36, 1 - 115.
  • Tullgren, A. (1944) Svensk Spindelfauna. 3. Araneae (Salticidae, Thomisidae, Philodromidae och Eusparassidae). Entomologiska Foreningen, Stockholm, 138 pp., pls. 1 - 18.
  • Simon, E. (1932) Les arachnides de France. Synopsis generale et catalogue des especes francaises de l'ordre des Araneae. Tome VI. 4 e partie. Roret, Paris, pp. 773 - 978.
  • Miller, F. (1971) Pavouci-Araneida. Klic zvireny CSSR, 4, 51 - 306.
  • Paik, K. Y. (1978) Araneae. Illustrated Fauna and Flora of Korea, 21, 1 - 548.
  • Heimer, S. & Nentwig, W. (1991) Spinnen Mitteleuropas: Ein Bestimmungsbuch. Paul Parey, Berlin, 543 pp.
  • Mcheidze, T. S. (1997) [Spiders of Georgia: Systematics, Ecology, Zoogeographic Review]. Tbilisi University, Tbilisi, 390 pp. [in Georgian]