South African Opposition Party Behaviour Under the National State of Disaster to Respond to the Covid-19 Pandemic

The President of the Republic of South Africa declared a national state of disaster, in terms of the Disaster Management Act 2002 (Act 57 of 2002) on the 16th of March 2020, which empowers the executive to coordinate disaster management mechanism that focuses on preventing and reducing the outbreak of Covid-19 virus. In other words, the legislative and executive functions of the state have effectively been lapsed into one. This case study examines the consequences of this type of emergency regime on the behaviour of parliamentary opposition parties. Parliaments initiate, prepare and pass legislation, as well as exercise oversight and hold government to account. I look at the number of amendments, oral and written questions for a limited period of six months from the announcement of the national state of disaster, and compare with the same period the previous years, 2018, 2019, 2020, to determine if the changing nature of executive- legislative constitutional balance has influenced the behaviour of opposition parties in their strategies relating to policy-making and scrutiny.