Muslim Scholars (ʿUlamāʾ) as Educational Leadership in Medieval Islamic History

This article focusses on the role of Muslim scholars (ʿulamaʾ) as educational leadership in medieval Islamic era. It deals with the ideal educational leadership in Islam, its etiquette, and optimal means of teaching. Therefore, the research attempts to answer the central question about the extent to which teachers (scholars) have the characteristics of leadership and apply them in practice with students, and methods of educational process. This paper relied on primary sources, biographies of scholars, their educational role, and writings, to conclude the main characteristics of educational Islamic leadership features: charisma, authority, and knowledge. Derived from the Qur’an and Sunna.