Psycho-physio-neurological correlates of qualitative attention, emotion and flow experiences in a close-to-real-life extreme sports situation: low- and high-altitude slackline walking
Creators
- 1. Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Caixa Postal 676, São Carlos 13565-905, Brazil; Laboratoire LAMHESS, Université Côte d'Azur, 261 boulevard du Mercantour, 06205 Nice cédex 3, France
- 2. Neurophysics Group, "Gleb Wataghin" Institute of Physics, University of Campinas, rua Sérgio Buarque de Holanda, 777, Campinas 13083-859, Brazil; Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology (BRAINN), Campinas 13083-859, Brazil
- 3. Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Caixa Postal 676, São Carlos 13565-905, Brazil; Instituto Militar de Engenharia / IME. Praça General Tibúrcio, 80. Rio de Janeiro – RJ, 22290-270, Brazil
- 4. Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Caixa Postal 676, São Carlos 13565-905, Brazil; Departamento de Computação, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Caixa Postal 676, São Carlos 13565-905, Brazil
- 5. Department of Statistics, Institute of Mathematics, Statistics and Scientific Computing, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- 6. Laboratoire LAMHESS, Université Côte d'Azur, 261 boulevard du Mercantour, 06205 Nice cédex 3, France
Description
It has been indicated that extreme sport activities, despite providing fear, stress and anxiety, also result in a highly rewarding experience. Studies have related this experience to the concept of flow, a positive feeling that individuals undergo when they are completely immersed in an activity. However, little is known about the exact nature of these experiences, and, there are still no empirical results to characterize the brain dynamics during extreme sport practice. This work aimed at investigating changes in psychological responses while recording physiological (heart rate – HR, and breathing rate – BR) and neural (electroencephalographic – EEG) data of eight volunteers, during outdoors slackline walking in a mountainous environment at two different altitude conditions (1 m – low-walk – and 45 m – high-walk – from the ground). Low-walk showed a higher score on flow scale, while high-walk displayed a higher score in the negative affect aspects, which together point to some level of flow restriction during high-walk. The order of task performance was shown to be relevant for the physiological and neural variables. The brain behavior during flow, mainly considering attention networks, displayed the stimulus-driven ventral attention network – VAN, regionally prevailing (mainly at the frontal lobe), over the goal-directed dorsal attention network – DAN. Therefore, we suggest an interpretation of flow experiences as an opened attention to more changing details in the surroundings, i.e., configured as a ‘task-constantly-opened-to-subtle-information experience’, rather than a ‘task-focused experience’.
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