Figure 9. Asphondylia spp.: (A) A. mineira, sp. nov., prothoracic spatula and associated papillae, ventral view, (B-C) A. ajallai Möhn, 1959 (redrawn from Möhn, 1959, original drawings without scale): (B) Hind leg, tarsal claw and empodium, lateral view, (C) prothoracic spatula and associated papillae, ventral view. two pairs of lower facial papillae: one pair setose, the oth- Material examined: Holotype male, BRAZIL, Minas er bare; three pairs of lateral facial papillae: one pair se- Gerais, Serra Negra do Funil, III.2021, B. Mascarenhas tose, two bare; upper cephalic margin thickened lateral- col., 1 male (MNRJ-ENT1-69147). Paratypes: same data ly. Thorax: wrinkled integument (Figs. 8C-D); prothorac- as holotype, 6 females (MNRJ-ENT1-69149, MNRJic spiracle 0.14-0.16 mm long, setiform, slightly curved ENT1-69150, MNRJ-ENT1-69151, MNRJ-ENT1-69152, (N = 4). Abdomen: segments 2-8 with transverse rows MNRJ-ENT1-69153, MNRJ-ENT1-69154), 4 pupal exuviae of crescent dorsal spines posterior row with 12-14 spines (MNRJ-ENT1-69155), 1 larva (MNRJ-ENT1-69148). in the 2nd segment (N = 2), 18-21 in the 3rd (N = 3), 18-25 in the 4th (N = 4), 20-24 in the 5th (N = 4), 19-24 in the 6th Etymology: The name "mineira″ means native of Minas (N = 4), 13-18 in the 7th (N = 4), and 8-9 in the 8th (N = 4) Gerais. (Fig. 8E). Remarks: Asphondylia gaucha and A. mineira are the Larva (part of abdomen missing): Cephalic head 0.12 mm only two described species of Asphondylia associated long, 0.12 mm wide. Prothoracic spatula (Fig. 9A) 0.29 mm with the genus Vernonanthura in Brazil. These species long (N = 1), four-toothed, inner teeth shorter than outer, differ from each other mainly in the length of the female three setose lateral papillae on each side (Fig. 9A). 1st and 2nd flagellomeres (longer in A. mineira than those of A. gaucha), the number of male frontal setae (26-32 Gall: Fusiform, brown, glabrous on stems of in A. gaucha and 10 in A. mineira), shape of male hypo- Vernonanthura polyanthes. proct (deeply bilobed in A. gaucha and slightly bilobed in