Draco fimbriatus Kuhl 1820
Description
Draco fimbriatus Kuhl, 1820 — Native; Indeterminate.
Draco fimbriatus Kuhl, 1820: 101–102. Holotype: ZMB 713, according to Denzer et al. (1997: 13); ZMB 712 (transferred to CAS in 1924) considered as paratype, according to Denzer et al. (1997: 13); ZMB 712 was obtained from Temminck in Leiden after Kuhl’s description, which is based on a single Berlin specimen (Bauer 2016: 96). Type locality: “[i]n India orientali” (= East Indies, i.e., Southeast Asia); later corrected to “Malayische Halbinsel” (= Malay Peninsula) by Hennig (1936: 202); later corrected to “ Java ”, Indonesia by Manthey (2008: 8–9).
Orange-bearded Gliding Lizard
(Figure 10H)
Singapore records.
Draco abbreviata Hardwicke & Gray, 1827: 219.—Gray, 1834: pl. 69.
Draco fimbriatus (non Kuhl, 1820)— Gray, 1845: 234.—Stoliczka, 1873: 119.— Boulenger, 1885: 265.— Flower, 1896: 870.—Ridley, 1899: 206.—K.K.P. Lim & L.M. Chou, 1990: 55.—K.K.P. Lim & F.L.K. Lim, 1992: 126, 150.—L.M. Chou et al., 1994: 105.—K.P. Lim & F.L.K. Lim, 2002: 150.—N. Baker & K.P. Lim, 2008: 168.— Das, 2010: 184.
Draco fimbriatus fimbriatus (non Kuhl, 1820)— Grandison, 1972: 77.— Denzer & Manthey, 1991: 311.
Draco abbreviatus — Manthey, 2008: 102.—L.L. Grismer, 2011a: 96.—L.L. Grismer, 2011b: 159, 162.— N. Baker & K.P. Lim, 2012: 168.—M.E.Y. Low & Pocklington, 2019: 159.— Janssen & Sy, 2022: 148.
Remarks. Draco fimbriatus is a species complex presently composed of five species (McGuire et al. 2018). In Singapore, D. fimbriatus was recorded as D. abbreviatus (e.g., Hardwicke & Gray 1827; Baker & Lim 2012) and D. fimbriatus (e.g., Gray 1845; Baker & Lim 2008). Along with Acanthosaura armata, D. abbreviatus was the first lizard species reported and described from Singapore (Hardwicke & Gray 1827), and the type-specimen is the only known record of D. abbreviatus from Singapore (Table 2). Shortly thereafter, Duméril & Bibron (1837) synonymised D. abbreviatus with D. fimbriatus, which was adopted by subsequent authors (Gray 1845; Boulenger 1885; Hennig 1936; Musters 1983) until Manthey (2008) split them into separate species again. McGuire et al. (2018) disagreed with Manthey’s (2008) arrangement, and instead recognised D. abbreviatus as D. fimbriatus, and D. fimbriatus from Peninsular Malaysia as D. punctatus. Thus, D. fimbriatus is known from Singapore solely on the specimen from Hardwicke & Gray (1827). Ģnther (1864) stated that the occurrence of D. fimbriatus in Singapore is “more than doubtful”, but did not provide any explanation. We suspect he is alluding to the ambiguity regarding the locality of Hardwicke’s specimens. However, given the distribution of D. fimbriatus throughout Peninsular Malaysia, including Gunung Pulai, less than 32 km from Singapore (Baker 2016), Sumatra, and Borneo, and that it can be found from sea level to 1,000 m a.s.l. (Grismer 2011b, as D. abbreviatus), there is a high possibility that D. fimbriatus naturally occurred in Singapore.
Occurrence. Only known from one museum specimen predating 1827. Likely extirpated.
Singapore conservation status. Not Evaluated.
Conservation priority. Immediate priority, if rediscovered.
IUCN conservation status. Least Concern [2021].
LKCNHM & NHMUK Museum specimens. Singapore (no locality): BMNH 1873.3.7.6 (no date) [holotype].
Additional Singapore museum specimens. No specimens.
Singapore localities. No published localities.
Notes
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Linked records
Additional details
Identifiers
Biodiversity
- Collection code
- BMNH , LKCNHM, NHMUK
- Family
- Agamidae
- Genus
- Draco
- Kingdom
- Animalia
- Material sample ID
- BMNH 1873.3
- Order
- Squamata
- Phylum
- Chordata
- Scientific name authorship
- Kuhl
- Species
- fimbriatus
- Taxon rank
- species
- Type status
- holotype
- Taxonomic concept label
- Draco fimbriatus Kuhl, 1820 sec. Figueroa, Low & Lim, 2023
References
- Denzer, W., Gnther, R. & Manthey, U. (1997) Kommentierter typenkatalog der Agamen (Reptilia: Squamata: Agamidae) des Museums f ¸ r Naturkunde der Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin (ehemals Zoologisches Museum Berlin). Mitteilung aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin, 73, 309 - 332. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / mmnz. 19970730209
- Bauer, A. M. (2016) Southeast Asian and Australasian herpetological collections from the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries in the Zoological Museum of Berlin. In: Das, I. & Tuen, A. A. (Eds.), Naturalists, Explorers and Field Scientists in South-East Asia and Australasia. Topics in Biodiversity and Conservation, 15, 89 - 108. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 319 - 26161 - 4 _ 6
- Hennig, W. (1936) Revision der gattung Draco (Agamidae). Temminckia, 1, 154 - 220.
- Manthey, U. (2008) TERRALOG. Vol. 7 a. Agamid Lizards of Southern Asia - Draconinae 1. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt am Main, 160 pp.
- Hardwicke, T. & Gray, J. E. (1827) A synopsis of the species of saurian reptiles, collected in India by Hardwicke. Zoological Journal, 3 (10), 213 - 229.
- Gray, J. E. (1845) Catalogue of the Specimens of Lizards in the Collection of the British Museum. Trustees [of the British Museum], London, xxviii + 289 pp.
- Boulenger, G. A. (1885) Catalogue of the Lizards in the British Museum (Natural History). 2 nd Edition. Vol. I. Geckonidae, Eublepharidae, Uroplatidae, Pygopodidae, Agamidae. Taylor and Francis, London, xii + 436 pp., 32 pls.
- Flower, S. S. (1896) Notes on a collection of reptiles and batrachians made in the Malay Peninsula in 1895 - 96; with a list of the species recorded from that region. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1896 (4), 856 - 914, pls. 44 - 46.
- Lim, K. K. P. & Lim, F. L. K. (1992) A Guide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of Singapore. Singapore Science Centre, Singapore, 160 pp.
- Chou L. M., Ng, P. K. L. & Lim, K. K. P. (1994) Animalia. In: Wee, Y. C. & Ng, P. K. L. (Eds.), A First Look at Biodiversity in Singapore. National Council on the Environment, Singapore, pp. 70 - 106.
- Lim, K. P. & Lim, F. L. K. (2002) A Guide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of Singapore. Revised Edition. Singapore Science Centre, Singapore, 160 pp.
- Das, I. (2010) A Field Guide to the Reptiles of Thailand and South-East Asia. New Holland, London, 376 pp.
- Grandison, A. G. C. (1972) The Gunung Benom Expedition 1967. 5. Reptiles and amphibians of Gunung Benom with a description of a new species of Macrocalamus. Bulletin of the British Museum of Natural History, Zoology, 23 (4), 43 - 101. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / p. 314200
- Denzer, W. & Manthey, U. (1991) A nominal checklist of the lizards inhabiting peninsular Malaysia and Singapore. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 39 (2), 309 - 322.
- Grismer, L. L. (2011 a) Field Guide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of the Seribuat Archipelago (Peninsular Malaysia). Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt am Main, 239 pp.
- Grismer, L. L. (2011 b) Lizards of Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore and Their Adjacent Archipelagos. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt am Main, 728 pp.
- Janssen, J. & Sy, E. (2022) A Naturalist's Guide to the Lizards of Southeast Asia. John Beaufoy Publishing Ltd, England, 176 pp.
- McGuire, J. A., Cotoras, D. D., O'Connell, B. O., Lawalata, S. Z. S., Wang-Claypool, C. Y., Stubbs, A., Huanh, X., Wogan, G. O. U., Hykin, S. M., Reilly, S. B., Bi, K., Riyanto, A., Arida, E., Smith, L. L., Milne, H., Streicher, J. W. & Iskandar, D. (2018) Squeezing water from a stone: high-throughput sequencing from a 145 - year old holotype resolves (barely) a cryptic species problem in flying lizards. PeerJ, 6, e 4470. https: // doi. org / 10.7717 / peerj. 4470
- Baker, N. & Lim, K. P. (2012) Wild Animals of Singapore: A Photographic Guide to Mammals, Reptiles, Amphibians and Freshwater Fishes. Updated Edition. Draco Publishing and Distribution Pte Ltd and Nature Society, Singapore, 180 pp.
- Baker, N. & Lim, K. P. (2008) Wild Animals of Singapore: A Photographic Guide to Mammals, Reptiles, Amphibians and Freshwater Fishes. Draco Publishing and Distribution, Singapore, 180 pp.
- Gnther, A. C. L. G. (1864) The Reptiles of British India. Trustees [of the British Museum], London, xxvii + 452 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 5012
- Baker, N. (2016) Five species of gliding lizard Draco spp. at Gunung Pulai, Johor, Peninsular Malaysia. Southeast Asia Vertebrate Records, 2016, 110 - 112.