Anania verbascalis ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775)

(Fig. 1C‒E)

Pyralis verbascalis Denis & Schifferm ̧ller, 1775: 121.

TL: Austria, Vienna area [Wienergegend]

Syn.: Pyralis arcualis Ḩbner, 1796: pl. 12 fig. 80.

Botys plumbocilialis Snellen, 1890: 576.

Material examined. 33 ♂♂, 31 ♀♀: East Âzarbâijân Prov.: 1 ♀, Tabriz, Gharah Chaman, 1100 m, 23.vi.1985, Mirzâyâns, Pâzuki leg.; Gilân Prov.: 1 ♀, Asâlem, Shondol, 950 m, 9.viii.1974, Mirzâyâns, Farahbakhsh leg., 1 ♂, 3 ♀♀, Bandar Anzali, 15 km Asâlem- Pisâson Rd., 220 m, 30.viii.1975, Mirzâyâns leg., 2 ♂♂, Asâlem, Parehsar, 14.v.1977, Abâi leg., 1 ♂, Asâlem, Lâkushin, 305 m, 29.vi.1997, Mofidi-Neyestânak, Barâri leg., 1 ♂, 15 km Tâlesh, 31.viii.1975, Mirzâyâns leg., 1 ♀, Rasht, 6.vii.1971, Shenâsi leg.; Golestân Prov.: 1 ♂, Gorgân, 12.vii.1967, Abâi leg., 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀, Gorgân, Gorgân lab.,?. vi.1974, no collector is given, 1 ♂, Gorgân, Aliâbâd, Shirinâbâd, 22.v.2005, Falsafi, Nematiân leg., 18 ♂♂, 13 ♀♀, Golestân National Park, Mazârli, 530 m, 19.-20.vi.1977, Pâzuki, Abâi leg., 1 ♂, Golestân National Park, Tang-e Gol, 700 m, 24.-27.vii.1996, Ebrâhimi, V. Nazari leg., 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Golestân National Park, Tang-e Gol, 5.vii.1999, Moghaddam, Barâri, Manzari leg., 1 ♂, Golestân National Park, Tang Râh, 450 m, 29.vii.-4.viii.1982, Jafari, Zehzâd, Kiâbi leg.; Khuzestân Prov.: 1 ♂, Haft Tappeh, 70 m, 25.iv.1976, Pâzuki, Abâi leg.; Mâzandarân Prov.: 1 ♀, Âmol, 27.vii.1974, Abâi leg., 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Baladeh, Razan, 1000 m, 22.vii.1988, Mirzâyâns, Badii leg., 1 ♀, Nekâ, Bâyeh Kolâ, 1999, no collector is given, 1 ♂, Behshahr, Duk forest, 840 m, 23.vi.1977, Pâzuki, Mortazavihâ leg., 1 ♀, Behshahr, Abbâsâbâd, 404 m, 17.vii.2001, Gilâsiân, Moghaddam, Ghayurfar leg.; Tehrân Prov.: 1 ♂, 3 ♀♀, Varâmin, 12.viii.1949, Eghlidi leg.

Distribution. Europe except for northern parts; Turkey, Iran (Golestan Province: Golestan National Park [Ghaleh Palangan), Gorgan]), Transcaucasia, Russia (Khabarovsk and Primorye), Korea, China, Japan, India (Lederer 1871; Karsholt & Razowski 1996; Wieser et al. 2002; Slamka 2013; de Jong et al. 2014).

Remarks. This species is represented by two subspecies: A. verbascalis verbascalis ([Denis & Schifferm̧ller], 1949) and A. verbascalis parvalis (Osthelder, 1935). The former has pale ochreous to suffused dark brown wings; the latter is smaller and brighter with weakly developed cross lines and marginal bands (Slamka 2013). Most of the examined specimens in this study have a pale yellowish-ochre ground colour with distinct cross lines and narrow marginal bands (Fig. 1C), but a few specimens are slightly darker, especially at the area between antemedial and postmedial lines (Fig. 1D, E) – something like an intermediate form between the two above-mentioned subspecies. In the Golestan Province we have both pale and slightly darker forms even among specimens with exactly same collecting data. Therefore, as stated by Slamka (2013), A. verbascalis parvalis is only an infrasubspecific form of A. verbascalis, and here we consider A. verbascalis verbascalis as senior synonym of A. verbascalis parvalis syn. n.