Chalcosia hyalina Kollar 1844

The hyalina species-group

Diagnosis. The hyalina species-group can be distinguished from eronioides, livida and geoffi species-groups by the combination of the following characters: 1) Relatively smaller, similar to the size of the geoffi species-group, while members of the eronioides species-group and the livida species-group are larger. 2) Forewing with a pale spot in cell R 4, similar to that of the eronioides and livida species-groups, while such spot is absent in the geoffi species-group. 3) 8th tergite has the posterior end bifurcate (except for A. formosana Matsumura, 1927), similar to that of the eronioides and livida species-groups, while the posterior end of the 8th tergite is flat in the geoffi species-group. 4) In male genitalia the distal end of valva bears numerous small spines, while in the livida species-group the distal end of valva bears two dent-like processes, in the eronioides species-group the distal end of sacculus forms a horn-like process and in the geoffi species-group the distal end of sacculus varies from bearing a triangular process or lobate process with the outer margin covered by spinules. 5) Juxta lobes are simple and spiniform, similar to those of the eronioides and livida species-groups, while in the geoffi species-group the juxta lobes significantly expand distally and are covered by numerous piliform spinules.

Remarks. Following the transfer of Agalope glacialis (Moore, 1872) to the genus Paragalope gen. n. in the present study, the name Agalope glacialis Butler, 1881 is no longer the junior secondary homonym of the name A. glacialis (Moore, 1872). According to the Article 59.4 of ICZN (1999) (“A species-group name rejected after 1960 on grounds of secondary homonymy is to be reinstated as valid by an author who considers that the two species-group taxa in question are not congeneric, unless it is invalid for some other reason.”), the name A. glacialis Butler, 1881 is reinstated as valid here and the replacement name of the former, A. butleri Owada & Horie, 2000 syn. n. is unnecessary and regarded as a junior objective synonym of A. glacialis. This species was recently discovered in Jilong County, Xizang Autonomous Region at the border of China and Nepal, the first record from China. Agalope glacialis (Figs 3–6, 66, 67) is closely related to A. hyalina (Figs 1, 2, 51, 64, 65, 93, 108) and can be distinguished from it by the hindwing ground color white or greyish white instead of creamy white in A. hyalina. However, in the male genitalia of both species no substantial difference can be found thus the true relationship between these two species requires further investigation.

Species composition

A. formosana Matsumura, 1927

A. hyalina (Kollar, 1844)

A. glacialis Butler, 1881

A. grandis Mell, 1922

A. harutai Horie, 2000 (in Owada & Horie, 2000)

A. jianqingi S.-Y. Huang, 2022 (in Huang et al. 2022)

A. kishidaograndis Owada & Horie, 2000

A. mineti Owada, 2000 (in Owada & Horie, 2000)

A. primularis Butler, 1875

A. suzukikojii Horie, 2000 (in Owada & Horie, 2000)