Published May 9, 2023 | Version v1
Technical note Open

A Note on Recovering Matrices in Linear Families from Generic Matrix-Vector Products

  • 1. University of Washington

Description

We consider a recovery problem for an unknown matrix $A$ lying in a known subspace of real $m\times n$ matrices.
Examples of such subspaces or ``linear families'' include Toeplitz, Hankel, circulant, and tridiagonal matrices.
With fixed nonnegative integers $q_R$ and $q_L$, the goal of the recovery problem is to choose a real $n\times q_R$ matrix $X_R$ and a real $m\times q_L$ matrix $X_L$ so that $A$ is uniquely determined within its family when $Y_R = A X_R$ and $Y_L = A^T X_L$ are known.
The columns of $Y_R$ and $Y_L$ are formed by matrix-vector products of $A$ and $A^T$ with the columns of $X_R$ and $X_L$ to be determined.
We show that if this problem has a solution, then the pairs of matrices $(X_R, X_L)$ that have the stated dimensions and do not solve the recovery problem form a set of Lebesgue measure zero.
It follows that square Toeplitz, Hankel, circulant, and tridiagonal matrices are uniquely determined by their matrix-vector products with almost any $q_R = 2,2,1,$ and $3$ vectors respectively and $q_L=0$.

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