Published August 30, 2023 | Version v1
Journal article Open

Depresión posparto: una revisión actualizada para el médico de primer contacto

Creators

  • 1. Escuela de Medicina, Instituto de Estudios Superiores de Tamaulipas. Tamaulipas, México.
  • 2. Departamento de Ginecología y Obstetricia, Hospital General Regional No. 6, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. Tamaulipas, México.

Description

RESUMEN

Introducción. La depresión posparto (DPP) se define como un episodio de depresión mayor que tiene su inicio en el periparto. Los cambios a nivel neuroendocrino y psicosocial que experimentan las puérperas pueden generar DPP. La prevalencia de este trastorno se estima en un 15% a nivel mundial.

Objetivo: Recopilar información actualizada de la literatura médica acerca de la DPP que sea de utilidad para el médico de primer contacto.

Material y métodos. Se llevó a cabo una revisión de tipo narrativa durante el periodo de enero a octubre del 2022 en bases de datos públicas como PubMed, Access Medicine, Science Direct, Clinical Key, y metabuscadores como Scielo y Google Académico utilizando las palabras clave: postpartum depression, puerperium, screening, risk factors, and consequences. Se eligieron artículos recientes (menos de 10 años de haber sido publicados).

Resultados. Con los criterios de búsqueda se obtuvieron un total de 42 artículos, sin embargo, solamente 34 fueron incluidos en la presente revisión por tener información detallada sobre la patología.

Conclusión. Se identificó que la DPP es una patología subdiagnosticada que requiere de un mayor conocimiento por parte de la población en general y del personal de salud directamente involucrado en la atención de mujeres durante el periodo posparto. Al ser considerada como un evento de depresión mayor su tratamiento debe ofrecerse con oportunidad.

 

 

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Postpartum depression (DPP) is defined as an episode of major depression that has its onset in the peripartum period. The neuroendocrine and psychosocial changes experienced by postpartum women can lead to DPP. The prevalence of this disorder is estimated at 15% worldwide.

Objective: Collect updated information from the medical literature on DPP that is useful for the first contact physician.

Material and methods: A narrative review was carried out from January to October 2022 in public databases such as PubMed, Access Medicine, Science Direct, Clinical Key, and meta-search engines such as Scielo and Google Scholar using the keywords: postpartum depression, puerperium, screening, risk factors, and consequences. Recent articles were chosen (less than 10 years after publication).

Results: A total of 42 articles were obtained using the search criteria, however, only 34 were included in the present review as they had detailed information on the pathology.

Conclusion: DPP was identified as an underdiagnosed pathology that requires greater awareness among the general population and health personnel directly involved in the care of women during the postpartum period. As it is considered a major depressive event, its treatment should be offered in a timely manner.

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