Cheilolejeunea filiformis var. filiformis Ye et al. 2015

11.1. Cheilolejeunea filiformis (Swartz) Ye et al. (2015: 325) var. filiformis.—

Jungermannia filiformis Swartz (1788: 144).

Type:— JAMAICA. Swartz s.n. (S, lectotype designated by Gradstein 2021).— Fig. 7Q–Y.

Plants light brown to almost yellowish, 0.5–1.2 mm wide. Stems in cross section 120–160 µm in diameter, 12–13 epidermal cells, 10–40 × 11–24 µm; 20–24(–30) medullary cells, 13–22 × 6–13 µm. Ventral merophytes 6–8 cells wide. Leaves subimbricate to imbricate, ovate to elongate, generally flat, 130–180 × 130–140 µm, margin entire, apex rounded; cells orbicular to hexagonal, trigones generally conspicuous, basal cells 20–40 × 10–25 µm, median cells 18–30 × 12–25 µm, marginal cells 11–18 × 9–12 µm, smooth to strongly mammillose on the dorsal side. Lobules trapezoid, 1/4–1/3 of leaf length, free margin flat to slightly involute, without tooth. Underleaves imbricate, orbicular to broadly ovate and wider than long, 600–850 × 550–700 µm, 4–6 × stem width, margin fully entire, insertion Ushaped. Dioicous. Androecia on the main stem, with 5–7 pairs of bracts. Gynoecia terminal on the main stem or small branches, with lejeuneoid innovations, bracts obovate, 400 × 260 µm, apex rounded, lobule 150 × 80 µm, bracteole ovate, 330 × 270 µm. Perianth without keels, beak short. Vegetative reproduction unknown.

Distribution and habitat: —Neotropical, very common and widely distributed on Caribbean islands, in Central America, northern South America, Argentina, and Brazil (Bastos 2017, Reiner-Drehwald 1993). This species is found in the study area hanging or attached to tree trunks and shrubs in lowland rainforest, lower and upper montane rainforests, and grass páramos, between 500–3900 m (Gradstein 2021), in the Puntarenas-Chiriquí, Guajira, Venezuelan, Magdalena, Cauca, Chocó-Darién, Galápagos Island, Sabana, and Western Ecuador provinces of the Pacific dominion, and in the Páramo province of SATZ (Fig. 9).

Notes: —The species is morphologically variable, the ventral merophyte is 6–8 cells wide, the lobules less than 1/3 of the length of the leaf, the underleaves are entire, and the perianth without keels. Morphotypes growing attached to tree trunks generally have relatively short branches and can be confused with C. tonduzana, although the latter species has larger lobules and reniform underleaves.

Specimens examined:— BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Ouro Preto, 20°26’50”S, 43°32’00”N, 1489 m, 27 February 2016, Fantecelle 338 (BHCB). BOLÍVIA. Santa Cruz: Florida, Cerro Herradura, 18°07’S, 63°36’N, 1400 m, 23 March 2002, Churchill 21340 (COL, HUA). Tarija: Padcaya, Parque Nacional Tariquia u RNFFT, 22°02’04”S, 64°31’04”W, 1450–1700 m, 14 November 2004, Churchill 23653 (HUA). COLOMBIA. Antioquia: Angelópolis, Vereda San Isidro, 6°6’47.4”N, 75°43’39.0”W, 1990 m, 10 November 2016, Rodríguez 45 (HUA); Caldas, Alto de San Miguel, 2000 m, October 1998, Benavidez 198 (HUA); Granada, vereda Malpaso, 6°05.814’N, 75°08.285’W, 1656 m, 16 March 2019, Sánchez 3298 (HUA); Guatapé, vereda de Santa Rita, 6°14’N, 75°10’W, 1850 m, 01 July 1997, Gutierrez 1161 (HUA); Jardín, Camino a la vereda La Herrera, 1800 m, 12 May 1986, Escobar 759 (HUA); Medellín, Santa Elena, 6°17’39”N, 75°31’04”W, 2470 m, 17 September 2005, Londoño 101 (HUA); Rionegro, Cayetano, 2100 m, 26 February 1983, Serna s.n. (HUA); San Pedro, carretera San Pedro–San Juan, 2530 m, 3 May 1986, Escobar 723 (HUA); Sonsón, La Falda, 5°42’41.8”N, 75°20’17.3”W, 2514 m, 30 October 2013, Arango 76 (HUA); Urrao, Vereda El Sireno, 6°23’35.513”N, 76°15’18.997”W, 1145 m, 26 March 2018, Ordóñez 985 (HUA); Yarumal, Llano de Cuivá, 2700 m, 19 February 1983, Serna s.n. (HUA). Boyacá: Duitama, vereda Santa Helena, 2480–2630 m, 7 November 1993, Uribe-M. 2735 (COL); Pajarito, 1900 m, 20 October 1967, van der Hammen 1627 (COL); Ráquira, vereda Firita Peña Abajo, 2820 m, 6 March 1988, Becerra 93 (COL); Socha, 2200 m, 6 July 1967, van der Hammen 1668 (COL); Santa María, 4°53’17.2”N, 73°16’17.5”W, 1075 m, 29 October 2013, Bulla 12 (UDBC). Cauca: Guapi, Parque Nacional Natural Isla Gorgona, 270 m, 15 September 1987, Rudas 332 A (COL); Morales, vereda San Cristóbal, 2°48’36.6”N, 76°42’39.6”W, August 2015, Gómez SAG560 (HUA). Chocó: Tutunendo, road Tutunendo – El Carmen, 700 m, 9 August 1992, Gradstein 8953 (COL). Cundinamarca: Gachalá, vereda Boca de Monte, 4°41’21.1”N, 73°27’33.3”W, 1714 m, 22 September 2014, JOrdoñes 1969 (COL); Silvania, Alto de San Miguel, 2350 m, 10 October 1984, Valcárcel 488 (COL). Huila: Acevedo, Macizo colombiano, 1°36’21”N, 76°6’16”W, 1800 m, 29 November 2001, Castillo 2475k (HUA). Magdalena: Santa Marta, Cuchilla de San Lorenzo, 2100 m, 16 January 1967, Winkler C310 (COL). Putumayo: San Francisco, “El Mirador”, 2100 m, 5 August 1965, Merril C1117 (COL). Risaralda: Mistrató, Road Mistrato–San Lorenzo de Chami, 1800 m, 30 July 1992, Gradstein 8685 (COL); Quinchia, 2021 m, 29 September 2017, Ordoñez 613 (HUA); Santa Rosa de Cabal, 4°50’N, 75°31.5’W, 2740 m, 30 May 1986, Wolf 873 (COL). Santander: Charalá, Corregimiento de Virolín, 2100 m, 25 October 1988, Schuster 88–1066 (COL); Floridablanca, Corregimiento La Corcova, 07°06’44”N, 73°01’48”W, 2200 m, August to November 2001, López 1498 (HUA); Piedecuesta, corregimiento Sevilla, 7°03’N, 73°02’W, 2100 m, August to November 2001, Benavidez 1997 (HUA). Tolima: Ibagué, corregimiento de Juntas, 2600 m, 17 July 2004, Campos 176 (COL); Santa Isabel, vereda Purima-Cuchilla, 2540 m, 1 August 1980, Aguirre 1746 (COL). Valle del Cauca: Cali, San Antonio, 1800 m, 1 November 1986, Cardona de Hollaender 125 (CUVC). ECUADOR. Galápagos: Floreana, Cerro Wittmer, 450–550 m, 26 April 1976, Gradstein H171 (COL). Napo: Road Baeza–Tena, 0°32’S, 77°52’W, 2000 m, 28 March 1979, Holm-Nielsen 16221 (QCA). Pichincha: Road Quito–Santo Domingo, 1000 m, 6 April 1987, Thiers 4341 (QCA); Reserva Florística-Ecológica “Rio Guajalito”, 0°13’53”S, 78°48’10”W, 2200 m, 5 December 1985, Jaramillo 8230 (QCA). Tungurahua: Baños - Puyo Rd., 1400 m, 15 April 1987, Thiers 4546 (QCA). Zamora -Chinchipe: El Pangui, 03°48’35”S, 78°36’32”W, 1520 m, 2 December 2005, Churchill 24322 (QCA). PANAMÁ. Chiriquí: Gualaca, 1000– 1200 m, Salazar-A. 522p. p.1 (PMA).