Risk Factors that modify the familial aggregation for ischemic cardiovascular illness

Introduction: Ischemic cardiovascular disease is a global health problem. Objective: To determine the risk factors that modified the familial aggregation for ischemic cardiovascular disease in affected individuals. Material and Methods: An observational, analytical, longitudinal and retrospective case/control study was carried out from the population of the Banes municipality, Holguín province during May 2020-May 2022. The universe included all the diagnosed individuals and their families. By simple random sampling, the sample (149 cases) was obtained and the control group was formed at a ratio of 3:1 (447 individuals with no history of disease). The bioethical requirements were met. Inclusion/exclusion criteria were applied. The statistics were used: Chi square, Odd Ratio (OR), including p and confidence interval. The variables were operationalized: age, degree of consanguinity and risk factors. The family tree was obtained. Results: The relatives of first and second degree of consanguinity showed the highest incidence of disease. The age group 60-69 years was more affected. Familial aggregation for the disease was demonstrated (X²=45.93 OR=5.85 99.9% CI (3.29; 10.41)). Ischemic cardiomyopathy (43.3%) and arrhythmias (20.7%) were notable forms of presentation. The risk factors showed an association for the disease (X²=67.11 p ≤0.001). Arterial hypertension (X²=57.9 OR=3.04 99.9% CI (2.27; 4.06)) and smoking (X²=45.7 OR=2.66 99.9% CI (2.3 ; 5,6)) expressed a highly significant association for ischemic cardiovascular disease. Conclusions: The risk factors: arterial hypertension, smoking and family history modified the family aggregation for ischemic cardiovascular disease.