D2.1 State-of-the-art analysis and Big Data Value Chain

Current climate change threats and increasing CO2 emissions, in particular from the building stock represent a context where it is necessary to act upon and provide efficient manners to manage energy consumption and generation in buildings and contribute to a decarbonised economy. In parallel to this trend, more and more data are being generated within buildings nowadays, due to the increasing adoption of leading-edge ICTs technologies, such as IoT, AI, DLT/blockchain and big data, thus, contributing to move forward towards a smart building landscape. By combining these new technologies and the exploitation of data towards solving real life problems surrounding buildings, the way could be paved towards a decarbonised future.

In this framework, MATRYCS aims to provide modular big data applications for holistic energy services in buildings, which will be validated in 11 large scale pilots covering several needs and perspectives around energy in buildings: performance, design, policy-making and funding. To this end, it is necessary to understand what technologies and solutions already exist to assure that what MATRYCS can provide remains, on the one hand, cutting edge and, on the other, also builds upon existing methods, technologies, data models and platforms.

For this reason, this Deliverable 2.1 main objective is to delve into current trends and provide a landscape review of all the concepts playing a role in MATRYCS, and also to provide a user-perspective and define what challenges are currently faced in the building sector (Part I), to finally be able to derive user stories and requirements (Part II). This document will be updated close to the project’s midlife to assure that its contents remain cutting-edge and up to date.

To provide this vision, in the first place, the scope will be defined by identifying the current trends present both in the building sector, as in the big data context. Thus, the perspective and objectives presented by relevant organisations like the European Construction and Technology Platform (ECTP) or the Building Data Value Association (BDVA) will be presented. These will be complemented by the European Commission’s perspective (twin transition, directives, reports, initiatives, H2020 projects and collaborative networks) and by a short introduction to potential engagement to third parties and a presentation of stakeholders to be addressed in this context.

Then the landscape from a technical perspective is presented. Firstly, by analysing what methods and tools are currently being deployed by the stakeholders in the building value chain. This will allow clearly identifying potential improvements to the building as usual procedures and proposing relevant solutions. As counterpart, this landscape overview is complemented by the existing technologies that could be deployed to answer the stakeholders’ needs. With this in mind, first the digitalization in the built environment is explained and relevant concepts surrounding the digital building twin examined (i.e. existing data models, BIM and digital infrastructures, link to IoT, end-to-end process digitalisation, and how other scales could be tackled), as well as some examples of platforms for the built environment presented. Then, specific analytics that could target the previously identified challenges are presented. These are grouped in the same categories as the pilots and this literary review will be used as a basis for the development of analytics in the project. Finally, this landscape review is completed with an introduction to digital tools for data and knowledge management and cyber-security concepts.

Finally, once the context, an introduction to the needs and challenges to be addressed and the available technologies to tackle them have been presented, it is necessary to know what data is available to put into practice the shown analytics. This is the reason why this technical analysis concludes with a review of building related datasets and repositories available at different levels (EU repositories, EU member state repositories, regional/local and other private repositories).

All this analysis sets the adequate basis to delve into Part II of the report, where a methodology has been implemented to work with pilot leaders and extract from them relevant insights that lead to the in-depth characterisation of the stakeholders involved (by defining target groups and personas). This characterisation allows defining user stories, usage scenarios and, lasting but not least, the use cases that will serve as an input for the next steps of the project.