CITOCINAS PRÓ-INFLAMATÓRIAS EM ARTRITE INDUZIDA POR ADJUVANTE: UMA REVISÃO DA AÇÃO IMUNOMODULADORA DE SUBSTÂNCIAS BIOATIVAS

Cytokines are divided into three families: the Interleukin (IL), the interferons (IFN) and Tumor Necrosis
Factor (TNF). The proinflammatory cytokines IL1-β and TNF-α are present at high levels in arthritic joints
in humans and in animals, and play a fundamental role in inflammatory processes. The anti-arthritic effect of
bioactive substances, vegetable or from synthetic origin, has been tested in models of adjuvant-induced
arthritis and the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators is the preferred method to demonstrate the
therapeutic value of adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA). This review aims to relate these tested substances,
analyze and discuss the method used to confirm the anti-arthritic activity through rates of proinflammatory
cytokines. The IL-1β and TNF play dominant roles in mediating the progression of many inflammatory joint
diseases and are essential for the appearance of secondary signs of arthritic models in AIA. Studies show that
anti-inflammatory cytokines inhibit the proinflammatory response and show positive results in the treatment
of rheumatoid arthritis. In AIA an intraperitoneal and oral administration are preferred for testing with
bioactive substances. The tested substances had concentrations ranging from 1 to 1000 mg / kg for oral
administration, and 0.5 to 10 mg/kg intraperitoneally, and doses greater than 500mg/kg were also identified.
Values for intramuscular and subcutaneous doses were found ranging between 0.04 and 0.9 mg / kg. To
demonstrate suppression of proinflammatory cytokines in AIA is a concern of the scientific community to
develop new drugs with maximum efficiency and low toxicity.