Review on the Origin, Transmission and Clinical Therapies of Covid-19

ABSTRACT

In December 2019, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, reported an outbreak of pneumonia of unknown cause. The Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market was found to be associated with instances of pneumonia. Inoculation of respiratory materials into human airway epithelial cells, Vero E6 and Huh7 cell lines, resulted in the isolation of a novel respiratory virus, which was later identified as a novel coronavirus linked to SARS-CoV after genome analysis (SARS-CoV-2). The beta coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 belongs to the Sarbecovirus subgenus.¹ Corona virus causes pneumonia, colds, sneezing, and coughing in humans, while it causes diarrhoea and upper respiratory infections in animals. Corona virus spread from person to person or animal to animal through airborne droplets. Corona virus enters human cells via the ACE-2 exopeptidase receptor on the cell membrane. WHO and ECDC recommended avoiding public places and close contact with infected people and pets.

Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, Immunoglobulin G, RT-PCR, Pharmaceuticals, Nutraceuticals