A conceptual framework for smart production planning and control in Industry 4.0

This article aims to introduce the challenge (i.e., integration of new collaborative models and tools) posed by the
automation and collaboration of industrial processes in Industry 4.0 (I4.0) smart factories. Small- and mediumsized enterprises (SMEs) are particularly confronted with new technological and organisational changes, but a
conceptual framework for production planning and control (PPC) systems in the I4.0 context is lacking. The main
contributions of this article are to: (i) identify the functions making up traditional PPC and smart production
planning and control in I4.0 (SPPC 4.0); (ii) analyse the impact of I4.0 technologies on PPC systems; (iii) propose
a conceptual framework that provides the systematic structuring of how a PPC system operates in the I4.0
context, dubbed SPPC 4.0. Thus SPPC 4.0 is proposed by adopting the axes of the RAMI 4.0 reference architecture
model, which compiles and contains the main concepts of PPC systems and I4.0. It also provides the technical
description, organisation and understanding of each aspect, which can provide a guide for academic research and
industrial practitioners to transform PPC systems towards I4.0 implementations. Finally, theoretical implications
and research gaps are provided.