Published May 31, 2022 | Version v1
Journal article Open

Masticatory function loss and frailty risk in community-dwelling older people in the State of São Paulo

Creators

  • 1. Universidad de Talca, Departamento de Salud Pública, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Talca, Chile. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Departamento de Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, Santiago, Chile
  • 2. Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Departamento de Estomatologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Odontológicas. Santa Maria, Brasil
  • 3. Universidade de Brasília, Departamento de Saúde Coletiva; Faculdade de ciências da Saúde. DF, Brasília, Brasil. Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Gerontologia; Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Campinas, Brasil
  • 4. Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Artes, Ciências e Humanidades, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Gerontologia. São Paulo, SP, Brasil
  • 5. Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Departamento de Psicologia Médica e Psiquiatria, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Gerontologia. Campinas, SP, Brasil
  • 6. Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Departamento de Ciências da Saúde e Odontologia Infantil, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia. Piracicaba, SP, Brasil

Description

Objective: To verify if the loss of masticatory function increases the risk of frailty in community-dwelling older people in the state of São Paulo. Methods: A prospective cohort design was adopted based on the FIBRA study database (Fragility in Brazilian Elderly), with a baseline performed in 2008-2009 and follow-up in 2016-2018, elapsed on average 100.2 ± 9.2 months. The outcome variable was the incidence of frailty. The exposure variable was masticatory function according to edentulism and self-reported chewing difficulty. Adjustment variables were sociodemographic, behavioral, and general health conditions. A Poisson regression model with robust variance was used to estimate the relative risk. Results: the cumulative incidence of frailty over eight years was 30 cases per 100 edentulous participants with chewing difficulties, who had a higher risk of developing frailty (RR: 1.75 95% CI 1.09-2.81) than the dentate elderly without chewing difficulties, regardless of smoking (RR: 1.71 95% CI 1.07-2.73) and socioeconomic status (RR: 1.72 95% CI 1.13-2.62). Conclusion: Loss of masticatory function increases the risk of frailty in older people. Future research should study whether the rehabilitation of oral function reduces this risk.

Notes

Masticatory function and frailty risk

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