ОХОРОНА ПУБЛІЧНОГО ПОРЯДКУ ТА БЕЗПЕКИ, ЩО ҐРУНТУЄТЬСЯ НА ЗНАННЯХ: ПРИНЦИПИ І МЕТОДИ (СКАНДИНАВСЬКА МОДЕЛЬ)

The Scandinavian model of protection of public order and security during peaceful assemblies of citizens in Ukraine was established for the study and implementation of police in 2018, when the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine issued an order dated 23.08.2018 № 706 "On approval of the Concept of implementation of bodies and units the police of Ukraine of the Scandinavian model of ensuring public safety and order during mass events". The main goal of this Concept is to replace the outdated reactive model of behavior in ensuring public safety and order in the event of mass events with a new one - proactively oriented. Such a model should cover all possible types of mass events. To date, the protection of public order and security is largely based on the hypothesis that the crowd is inherently irrational and dangerous. However, that this approach is both wrong and counterproductive, as it can lead to excessive police intervention, which will increase the impact on people who support aggressive sentiment in the crowd. A mass event is defined as an organized action (set of actions or phenomena of social life) with the participation of large masses of people, held in a public place in the manner prescribed by the state to meet political, spiritual, physical and other needs of citizens. In accordance with international and national legislation on the implementation and protection of human rights, the authorized state bodies have the appropriate obligations to respect and protect the rights, freedoms of man and citizen, respectively, and are responsible in this area. The bodies and subdivisions of the National Police of Ukraine are of great importance in fulfilling the task of protecting the rights and freedoms of citizens, as in accordance with Art. 2 of the Law of Ukraine "On the National Police", one of the key tasks of the police - the protection of public order and security.

The issues of topical issues of protection of public order and security during peaceful assemblies of citizens in accordance with the Scandinavian model of protection of public order and security during mass events were studied, as police officers often have to counteract aggressive, illegal behavior violence, which must be stopped by police coercion. The use of force must be limited to the minimum necessary to ensure the restoration of public order and security.