Tephritis campana Korneyev & Namin 2019, sp. n.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: F7AFFAC7-3DD8-458D-8EC9-E54121602890

Type material: Holotype ♀: Iran: Iran: Qazvin Province, Khoznan, 36.1222 N, 50.5575 E, h = 1670, 5.06.2014 (S. & V. Korneyev) (SIZK).

Paratypes: 2 Ơ, 3 ♀, same label as for the holotype (SIZK); Qazvin Province, Khoznan, Ebrahimabad, 36°11' N, 50°65' E, 1650 m, swept from Cirsium sp., 3.06.2014, 2 Ơ, 2 ♀ (JAZM, SMNC); same collection data, 7.07.2014, 1 Ơ; same collection data, 4.06.2015, 1 ♀ (Mohamadzade) (JAZM).

Diagnosis. Tephritis campana sp. n. can be easily differentiated from other known Tephritis species by the combination of the “stellar” wing pattern with widely hyaline wing base, narrow and separated dark rays at wing apex, only two hyaline spots in cell r 1 and evenly pointed aculeus (fig. 2, 1–2) in addition to the hyaline spot distal to the apex of vein R 1 forming an connected, wide oblique band with the trapezoidal spot in r 2+3 cell (as marked by blue arrow in fig. 1, 5), itself often touching or confluent with an 8-shaped hyaline spot at the base of cell r 4+5 and a ventrally setulose vein R 2+3.

Tephritis campana sp. n. has a wing pattern similar to several species from the Western Palearctic Region with a basal hyaline area and narrow apical rays and can be differentiated from these species using the identification key below, and as follows: T. campana has two hyaline spots in cell r 1 as opposed to the three hyaline spots in the T. cometa (Loew, 1840) species group (including T. acanthiophilopsis Hering, 1938 and T. erdemlii Kütük, 2008) and T. oedipus Hendel, 1927, the latter of which can also be recognized by the numerous tiny yellow or hyaline dots on the dark regions of the apical wing pattern (fig. 3, 12). Tephritis campana sp. n. is also similar to species which often or always have two hyaline spots in cell r 1: T. separata Rondani, 1871 and T. divisa Rondani, 1871 (fig. 3, 7) can both be differentiated by the presence of a dark spot in cell c, and cell dm with dark bars in the basal half. Species in the T. hurvitzi species group (fig. 3, 2) (T. crinita Hering, 1961, T. hurvitzi Freidberg, 1981, T. recurrens Loew, 1869 and T. merzi Freidberg and Kütük, 2002) differ from T. campana sp. n. by having a taillike, complete dark band through cells dm and cu running towards the anal cell (some specimens of T. hurvitzi in addition differ by having three hyaline spots in r 1). Tephritis santolinae Hering, 1934 and T. maccus Hering, 1937 can be easily differentiated from Tephritis campana sp. n. by their entirely dark medial portion of cell r 2+3, which never features a hyaline spot connecting the hyaline regions of cells r 1 and r 4+5 (figs 3, 5, 9), in addition to the shape and form of the distal aculeus (figs 3, 6, 10). The evenly pointed apex of the aculeus of Tephritis campana sp. n. (fig. 2, 2) also clearly differs from all species of the T. hurvitzi group (fig. 3, 4), T. separata, and T. divisa (fig. 3, 8), which each have either steps or incisions in the apex of the aculeus.

Description. Medium-sized grey flies with two hyaline spots in cell r 1 and oblique band formed with hyaline spots from cell r 1 through r 2+3 to r 4+5. Hyaline spot at base of r 4+5 variable. Oviscape black, as long as the rest of abdomen; basal part of oviscape covered with white setulae, distal part with black setulae.

Head: shape in profile as in most other Tephritis species (fig. 1, 2). Length: height: width ratio = 1: 1.1: 1.4. Gena 0.55 times as high as length of flagellomere 1. Frons matte yellow, with grey dorsal and lateral margins, ocellar tubercle black, grey microtrichose. Occiput triangle black, white microtrichose. Ocellar, medial vertical, anterior orbital and frontal setae dark brown and acuminate; genal seta pale brown, acuminate; other setae including posterior orbital seta lanceolate, whitish or yellowish. Postocular row with longer white setae, setulae among them black. Genal setulae whitish yellow, brownish on anterior part. Setulae on distal part of palp and on pedicel black. Antenna yellow; flagellomere 1 rounded apically; arista black.

Thorax: ground color predominantly black, white microtrichose; postpronotal lobe, dorsal part of anepisternum and scutellum laterally dark yellow; mesonotum back, densely white microtrichose; mediotergite entirely black and sparsely white microtrichose without shining areas. Setae dark brown (posterior anepisternal and anepimeral setae brown); posterior notopleural seta white; apical scutellar seta half as long as basal scutellar seta. Setulae white; scutellum with five to six white marginal setulae on each side. Calypteres white. Halter yellow.

Legs: dark yellow; fore femur with two rows of white posterodorsal and one row of brown posteroventral setae; mid and hind legs with brown setae and setulae.

W i n g (fig. 1, 5): basal cells bc, bm and bcu hyaline; cell c entirely hyaline. Pterostigma dark brown with tiny hyaline anteroapical area. Cell r 1 hyaline at base, posterior to pterostigma brown, at middle with two trapeziform hyaline spots separated by narrow brown bar; the apical spot half as long as basal. Cell r 2+3 hyaline at base, with dark area posterior to pterostigma; two hyaline spots posterior to spots of r 1 separated by dark bars, the proximal spot as wide as cell and merged with spot in r 1, the distal spot small, rarely connecting to hyaline spot anterior of it in r 1; preapical brown area with only one isolated hyaline spot posterior to vein R 2+3 apex. Cell br hyaline in basal half and entirely dark in apical half, without hyaline dots at crossvein r-m. Cell r 4+5 brown at base, without dots aligned to r-m, at dm-cu level with hyaline spot of variable shape, from oval or 8-shaped to subrectangular. Rest of dark area with only one tiny round hyaline spot. Wing apex with three subtriangular hyaline spots separated by two narrow brown rays forming the “apical fork” connected with wide dark area. Cell dm with basal one-third to one-half hyaline, apically dark brown, with four to six large hyaline spots, posteriorly almost entirely hyaline. Cell m with three large hyaline spots, as wide as cell, separated by two narrow dark rays. Cell cu hyaline with three thin dark bars, not reaching the posterior part of cell. Anal cell and lobe hyaline. Alula hyaline.

Abdomen (fig. 1, 4): black, entirely white microtrichose, white setulose. Oviscape as long as rest of abdomen, shiny black, white setulose in basal half, black setulose in apical half.

Terminalia. Male. Epandrium similar to that of other Tephritis species. Glans of phallus as in fig. 2, 7. Ejaculatory apodeme as in other species of the genus.

Female. Eversible membrane with two pairs of taeniae 0.25× as long as membrane itself; ventral side of membrane with blunt dentate scales, moderately large in anteromedial portion (figs 2, 3 –4). Aculeus 6× as long as wide, pointed to apex, with slightly rounded top (figs 2, 1–2). Two papillose short spermathecae 4.5× as long as wide (fig. 2, 5).

Eggs short spindle-like (fig. 2, 6).

M e a s u r e m e n t s. WL = 4.2–4.3 (Ơ, n=2), 4.2–4.5 (♀, n=4); AL = 1.3–1.4 mm (n = 2); BL = 5.2–5.5 mm (♀, n = 4); 4.0–4.5 mm (Ơ, n = 2).

H o s t p l a n t s: Specimens were swept from Cirsium sp., which possibly is its host plant.

D i s t r i b u t i o n. Iran.

Etymology. The species name is derived from Latin campana (“bell”), reflecting the pattern of hyaline spots at anteromedial part of the wing resembling a bell with handle.