Geolocating and Measuring Offshore Infrastructure with Multimodal Satellite Data

Please cite this when using the dataset and code.

The offshore infrastructure is rapidly spreading in the Scottish waters to satisfy the increasing energy demand. The up-to-date knowledge of their distribution and size is critical for the development and management of marine ecosystems. With the development of remote sensing techniques, satellite data have been widely used in offshore infrastructure detection on the vast ocean. However, the automatic and accurate identification on remote sensing data is still challenging that every kind of data have limitations. Here we combine the Sentinel-1 SAR data and Sentinel-2 Multi-Spectral Instrument (MSI) imagery to propose an automatic method for the location detection and size evaluation of offshore infrastructure in Scottish waters. Specifically, three strategies (transformed median composite, 2D-SSA filtering and threshold segmentation) were designed to first extract the contour range on Sentinel-1 data. Then morphological operations were applied on Sentinel-2 true color image to obtain the precise location and size of each offshore infrastructure.

All the Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 data are downloaded from https://www.sentinel-hub.com/explore/eobrowser/

The file "loc_S1" is used for the contour range detection in Sentinel-1;

The file "loc_S2" is for the specific location detection and size evaluation of each rig and semi-permanent;

The file "diameter_wind_turbine" is for the diameter length estimate for wind turbines.