Diospyros danguyana H. Perrier

2. Diospyros danguyana H. Perrier in Mém. Inst. Sci. Madagascar, Sér. B, Biol. Vég. 4: 117. 1952.

Lectotypus (designated by SCHATZ & LOWRY, 2011: 274): MADAGASCAR. Reg. Anosy [Prov. Toliara]: bassin supérieur du Mandrare (SE): mont Amboahangy, près d’Esira, [24°15'S 46°39'E], 1000–1150 m, 25.IX.1928, buds & ♀ fl., Humbert 6826 (P [P00573529]!; isolecto-: BR!, G [G00191501]!, K!, MO-6128543!, MO-6128571!, NY!, P [P00573530]!, PRE!, TAN!, TEF!).

= Maba enervis H. Perrier in Inst. Sci. Madagascar, Sér. B, Biol. Vég. 4: 997. 1952.  Diospyros enervis (H. Perrier) G.E. Schatz & Lowry in Adansonia ser. 3, 33: 274. 2011.

Holotypus: MADAGASCAR. Reg. Menabe [Prov. Toliara]: Ankilizato (bassin de Morondava), [20°25'S 45°03'E], VII.1917, buds, Perrier de la Bâthie 3010 (P [P00573700]!; iso-: P [P00541720]!), syn. nov.

Vernacular name. – “Hazonamalo” (Andriamihajarivo 489).

Distribution and ecology. – Diospyros danguyana is known from subarid thicket and forest on sand, sandstone, and lateritic substrates from Ambatofinandrahana in the east and Ankilizato in the west, south to Tolagnaro and north of Cap Sainte Marie (MADAGASCAR CATALOGUE, 2020), at an elevation of 20–1800 m.

Conservation status. – Diospyros danguyana has a geographic range in the form of an EOO of 125,261 km ² and a minimum AOO of 128 km ². It is present in the Analavelona, Andohahela, Isalo, and Makay protected areas. Outside of protected areas, it is threatened by fire and grazing. With respect to the principal threat of grazing, it exists at 29 locations. Therefore, D. danguyana can be assessed for its risk of extinction as “Least Concern” [LC].

Notes. – Maba enervis H. Perrier. ( Diospyros enervis (H. Perrier) G.E. Schatz & Lowry) is here placed into synonymy under D. danguyana. Described from the northwestern portion of the overall range of D. danguyana, and thus from the transition from subarid to dry bioclimates, M. enervis exhibits leaves that are somewhat less strongly revolute upon drying, but are otherwise identical to D. danguyana in shape and size, with identical fruit completely enclosed within the cylindrical-tubular accrescent calyx. Diospyros danguyana can be distinguished from other members of the Bernieriana group by its linear leaves 4–8 times longer than wide, its elliptic to subspherical female flowers only slightly longer than wide, and its distinctly lobed accrescent calyx enclosing the fruit, the lobes 3 mm long.

Additional material examined. – MADAGASCAR. Reg. Amoron’i Mania [Prov. Fianarantsoa]: Ambatofinandrahana, PK 2 rte de Fenoarivo, rocailles de cipolins, [20°34'48"S 45°48'38"E], IX.1956, buds, Bosser 9799 (MO, P [3 sheets], TAN); ibid. loco, 1600–1800 m, [20°35'S 45°48'E], 21.II.1938, fr., Decary 13136 (P [2 sheets]); ibid. loco, à quelques km au S, rte de Fenoarivo, [20°35'S 45°48'E], 3.XII.1964, ♀ fl., Service Forestier 23885 (MO, P [2 sheets], TEF). Reg. Androy [Prov. Toliara]: Ampilira (limite NE de l’Androy), [24°28'00"S 45°30'00"E], [450 m], 23.XI.1931, buds, Decary 9370 (MO, P [2 sheets]); env. d’Ampandrandava (entre Bekily et Tsivory), [24°05'S 45°42'E], 1945, buds, Seyrig 779 (P); ibid. loco, 1945, buds, Seyrig 779B (P); Maroakoho, colline gneissique, rive droite de la Menarandra, près de Tranoroa, [24°42'S 45°04'E], 14.XI.1967, ♀ fl., Service Forestier 27966 (MO, NY, P [2 sheets], TEF, WAG); Marovato, E sur la rte de Tsihombe au Cap Sainte-Marie, [25°35'S 45°09'E], 17.XII.1968, ♀ fl., Service Forestier 28532 (P [2 sheets]); rte from de Cap Sainte Marie to Tsihombe, c. 20 km from Cap Sainte Marie, 25°28'04"S 45°21'01"E, 28 m, 4.IV.2010, fr., De Block et al. 2434 (BR, MO, P); village d’Ankorakosy, au SSE de Tsihombe, [25°18'00"S 45°29'00"E], [20–50 m], 17.XII.1968, buds, Service Forestier 28523 (K, MO, P [2 sheets], TEF). Reg. Anosy [Prov. Toliara]: Analapatsy, fokontany Ambaribe, 25°10'23"S 46°39'19"E, 253 m, 17.II.2019, ster., Bernard et al. 2670 (DBEV, MO, P, TAN); Andohahela PN, Ambatoabo, Imonty-Evasia, en bas d’Apiky, 24°47'11"S 46°43'26"E, 680 m, 17.XII.2004, fr., Andriamihajarivo 489 (MO, P, TAN, TEF); ibid. loco, Parcel 2, [24°53'S 46°35'E], [120–1000 m], 20.X.1990, ♀ fl., Dumetz 1338 (MO, P); ibid. loco, Parcel 3, 25°01'06"S 46°38'13"E, 200–600 m, 17.XI.1990, ♀ fl., Dumetz 1418 (MO, P); ibid. loco, 25°01'12"S 45°38'18"E, 100–300 m, 8.IV.1993, fr., Randriamampionona 279 (MO, P); ibid. loco, au bord de la RN 13, 25°01'S 46°38'E, 100 m, 29.IV.1995, fr., Eboroke 1011 (MO, P); Mont Apiky au-dessus de Mahamavo, bassin de la Mananara, [24°47'S 46°44'E], 1.I.1934, fr., Humbert 13853 (K, MO, P [2 sheets], TAN); Mont Morahariva (Mahamena), vallée de la Manambolo, rive droite (bassin du Mandrare) aux env. d’Isomono (confluent de la Sakamalio), [24°32'06"S 45°37'48"E], 1000–1400 m 1.XII.1933, ster., Humbert 13217ter (P); Mont Vohipolaka, au N de Betroka, [23°08'S 45°05'E], XI.1933, ster., Humbert 11667ter (P); Mont Vohitrosy, vallée moyenne du Mandrare, près d’Anadabolava, [24°15'S 46°43'E], [800–850 m], XII.1933, fr., Humbert 12731 (MO, P [2 sheets]); PK 40 on RN 13 from Fort Dauphin to Ambovombe, 25°00'14"S 46°36'04"E, 28.III.2010, fr., De Block et al. 2378 (MO); rte Ambovombe-Ft. Dauphin, env. de Bevilany, [25°00'30"S 46°36'00"E], 100 m, 23.IX.1953, buds, Service Forestier 8494 (P, TEF); ibid. loco, S of Bevilany village, 25°01'S 46°36'E, 100 m, 27.III.1991, fr., Randrianasolo 203 (MO, TAN); ibid. loco, c. 60 road-km W of Tolagnaro, 24°59'S 45°33'E, 70 m, 24.V.1991, fr., Zarucchi et al. 7484 (MO, P); Vinanibe, [25°03'33"S 46°56'28"E], [100 m], 17.X.1990, ♀ fl., Dumetz 1320 (MO, P). Reg. Atsimo-Andrefana [Prov. Toliara]: Beroroha, 4 km avant Antsoa, sur crête, 21°15'33"S 45°09'52"E, 492 m, 4.XII.2010, buds, Andriantiana et al. 1024 (MO, P, TAN); ibid. loco, forêt d’Anosilamy, 21°20'30"S 45°10'53"E, 448 m, 13.I.2010, fr., Razakamalala et al. 5164 (MO, P, TAN); Makay Massif, plateau to the W of Lake Anosilahy, 21°20'17"S 45°10'42"E, 607 m, 27.XI.2010, ♀ fl., Phillipson et al. 6256 (G, K, MO, P, TAN); massif d’Analavelona, bassin de la Mananadabo, [22°37'18"S 44°10'41"E], 1000–1300 m, 13.XII.1962, ster., Service Forestier 22196 bis (P). Reg. Ihorombe [Prov. Fianarantsoa]: entre Tametsoa et Sahanafo, au N de l’Isalo, [22°18'S 45°22'E], [700–1100 m], 30.I.1955, fr., Cours 5048 (P [2 sheets]); Kitranga, entre Ambararata et Ivandrika, 20 km au NE d’Ihosy, [22°17'S 46°18'E], 22.II.1970, fr., Service Forestier 29061 (K, MO, P [2 sheets], TAN); massif de Lalandrano (versant oriental), au N d’Ihosy, [22°21'00"S 45°07'30"E], 9.X.1964, ster., Service Forestier 23517 (K, MO, P [2 sheets], TEF); ibid. loco, [22°21'00"S 45°07'30"E], 800–1000 m, 9.X.1964, ♀ fl., SF 23521 (BR, G, MO, NY, P, TAN, TEF, WAG); massif de l’Isalo (col des Tapia), [22°33'S 45°20'E], 19.VI.1956, fr., Service Forestier 18582 (P); ibid. loco, 28.XI.1946, Humbert 19504 (MO); ibid. loco, [22°11'00"S 45°10'00"E –22°43'00"S 45°21'00"E], 514–1268 m, 24.I.1955, ster., Service Forestier 11649 (P [2 sheets]); ibid. loco (secteur N), montagne au S du Village de Sahanafa, vallée de la Sahanafy (affluent de la Malio), [22°20'S 45°18'E], 600–1000 m, 28.XI.1946, ♂ fl., Humbert 19501 (K, MO, P [3 sheets], TAN); Mont Vohipolaka (versant NW), au N de Betroka, [23°08'S 46°05'E], XI.1933, ♂ fl., Humbert 11635 (B, G, K, P [3 sheets], S); Vallée d’Ihosy, [22°23'58"S 45°08'10"E], VII.1911, fr., Perrier de la Bâthie 3008 (P). Reg. Menabe [Prov. Toliara]: Ankilizato (bassin de Morondava), [20°25'S 45°03'E], VII.1911, fr., Perrier de la Bâthie 3010 (P).