Penthicodes astraea (Stål, 1864)

Figs. 1 A–E, 13 B, 14 A–D, 24.

Aphana astraea Stål, 1864: 61.

Penthicodes astraea (Stål, 1864): Metcalf, 1947: 133; Lallemand, 1963: 24.

Diagnostic characters: (1) tegmina with complete white band on nodal line of cross-veins (Fig. 1 A); (2) legs I and II dark brown without pale yellow rings (Fig. 1 E); (3) black-brown markings of tegmina subcircular, also on membrane (Fig. 1 A); (4) disc of hind wings red (rarely dark orange apically) with 2 (1–4) black spots (Fig. 1 A); (5) abdominal tergites red (Fig. 1 A).

LT: 3 (n = 16): 27.3 mm (25.2–30.0); Ƥ (n = 7): 31.0 mm (29.5–32.9). Wingspan: 3 (n = 3): 53.3 mm (51.4–54.7); Ƥ (n = 7): 58.6 mm (54.4–62.7).

Male genitalia: anal tube short (Figs. 14A, C) and strongly emarginate apically in dorsal view (Fig. 14C), showing strong ventral hump in middle and subbasal dorsal hump in lateral view (Figs. 14A, B); pygofer with hump at dorsal third in lateral view (Fig. 14A), broader in middle in postero-ventral view (Fig. 14D); gonostyli rounded apically in lateral view, dorsal margin with median hump and ventral margin sinuate (Fig. 14A); contiguous in postero-ventral view, joining at apex and with teeth projecting latero-ventrad in posteroventral view (Fig. 14D).

Distribution (Fig. 24): Philippines (Luzon, Mindanao, Mindoro, Negros*, Marinduque*) (* = new data).

Typical material examined: Philippines: Holotype Ƥ: [Ins. Philipp.] [Semper] [Aphaena astraea Stål] [499 58] [387 61] [Riksmuseum Stockholm] [NHRS-HEMI 000000013] (NHRS).

Notes: according to the original description, the holotype is from Manilla (Luzon). 2 Ψ labeled [Ins. Philipp.] [Semper] [Paratypus] [389 61] [Riksmuseum Stockholm] [NHRS-HEMI 000000015] (NHRS) and [Ins. Philipp.] [Semper] [Paratypus] [388 61] [Riksmuseum Stockholm] [NHRS-HEMI 000000016] (NHRS) have been examined but are not recognized as paratypes because the original description refers to one single specimen.

Material examined: Philippines: 1 Ψ: (NHRS); 1 Ψ: idem, Semper (NHRS). Luzon: 4 ɞ, 3 Ψ: E Luzon, N Ec. Bongabon Bgy Laby, Sierra Madre Mingan Mts, 700m, 15.viii.2005, J.H. Lourens (RBINS) coordinates: 15°38'N 121°15'E; 8 ɞ, 2 Ψ: E Luzon, Sierra Madre, Aurora,, ix.2007, I. & M. Lumawig (RBINS) coordinates: 16°20'N 122°00'E; 1 Ψ: N Luzon, x.1993 (MHNL) coordinates: 17°30'N 121°E; 1 ɞ: N Luzon, vi.1990 (MHNL); 1 ɞ: N Luzon, viii.1995 (MHNL); 1 Ψ: Luzon, Manilla, Thorey (RBINS) 14°35'N 121°00'E; 1 Ψ: Luzon, Los Baños,, xii.2002, R. Curaran (RBINS) coordinates: 14°11'N 121°11'E; 1 ɞ: Luzon, Mount Maquiling, 150m, 22.viii.1948, A. Dingayan (RBINS) coordinates: 14°08'N 121°12'E; 2 Ψ: Luzon, Mt Banahaw, v.1994 (MHNL) coordinates: 14°54'N 121°05'E. Negros: 1 ɞ: E Negros, vi.1989 (MHNL) coordinates: 10°N 123°E. Marinduque: 1 Ψ: Marinduque, Sto Vincente, 29.vii.1989, J.H. Lourens (ZMAN) coordinates: 13°24'N 121°58'E. Mindanao: 1 Ψ: Mindanao (NHRS). Mindoro: 1 Ψ: Mindoro, Mount Halcon, vii.2000 (MHNL) coordinates: 13°16'N 121°00'E; 2 ɞ, 1 Ψ, idem, ix.2007, I. & M. Lumawig (RBINS). 1 Ψ: no data (OUMNH).

Additional data (photograph by Joachim Bresseel): Philippines: Luzon: Quezon province, Mt Palakong, 650m, 8.vii.2009 coordinates: 14°39’N 121°33’E.