Saccoglossus Schimkewitsch 1892
Creators
Description
Genus Saccoglossus Schimkewitsch, 1892
Dolichoglossus: Spengel, 1893
Type species. Saccoglossus kowalevskii (Agassiz, 1873)
Diagnosis. Proboscis usually long; middorsal longitudinal groove may be present. Collar usually very short compared to proboscis. Dorsal interbranchial genital ridges and dorsal gonads absent but lateral extrabranchial genital ridges may be present. Intestinal pores often present. Perihaemal cavities always present. Peribuccal cavities usually present, but not always. Genus most importantly characterized by arrangement of longitudinal muscle fibers of proboscis in several concentric rings (Fig. 2 A). Many species favor quiet muddy-sandy flats not too far from the mouth of a bay, living in ‘permanent’ tubes and throwing up low conical mounds of quasi-spiral castings from the anus.
Remarks. The genus as revised above would now include the following species: S. apatensis Thomas, 1956; S. aulakoeis Thomas, 1968; S. bromophenolosus King, Giray & Kornfield, 1994; S. horsti Brambell & Goodhart, 1941; S. hwangtauensis (Si & Kwang-Chung, 1935), S. inhacensis (Kapelin, 1936), S. kowalevskii (Agassiz, 1873), S. madrasensis Rao, 1957, S. mereschkowskii (Wagner, 1885), S. otagoensis (Benham, 1895), S. pusillus (Ritter, 1902, 1929), S. ruber Tattersall, 1905, and S. sulcatus (Spengel, 1893). S. cambrensis (Brambell, Rogers and Goodhart, 1939), S. serpentinus (Assheton, 1908) and S. ruber (Tattersall, 1905) are synonymous species from the United Kingdom (Burdon-Jones, 1960) and so S. ruber takes precedence. S. ruber characteristics found in this article, including Table 1, are taken from the more comprehensive taxonomic treatment of Brambell, Rogers and Goodhart (1939). Five new species collected from the Eastern Pacific are described below.
Notes
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Linked records
Additional details
Identifiers
Biodiversity
- Family
- Harrimaniidae
- Genus
- Saccoglossus
- Kingdom
- Animalia
- Phylum
- Hemichordata
- Scientific name authorship
- Schimkewitsch
- Taxon rank
- genus
- Taxonomic concept label
- Saccoglossus Schimkewitsch, 1892 sec. Cameron, Deland & Bullock, 2010
References
- Schimkewitsch, W. M. (1892) Uber die Beziehungen zwischen den Enteropneusta und Acrania: St. Petersburg.
- Spengel, J. W. (1893) Fauna und Flora des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeres-Abschnitte. Berlin, Friedlander. Herausgegeben von der Zoologischen Station zu Neapel. monograph 18, 757 p.
- Agassiz, A. (1873) The History of Balanoglossus and tornaria. Memoirs of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, New Series, 9, 421 - 436.
- Thomas, I. M. (1956) Saccoglossus apantesis, a new species of enteropneust from South Australia. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia, 79, 167 - 176.
- Thomas, I. M. (1968) Two species of Saccoglossus (Enteropneusta) from South Australia. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia, 92, 73 - 84.
- King, G. M., Giray, C. & Kornfield, I. (1994) A new hemichordate, Saccoglossus bromophenolosus (Hemichordata: Enteropneusta: Harrimaniidae), from North America. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 107, 383 - 390.
- Brambell, F. W. R. & Goodhart, C. B. (1941) Saccoglossus horsti sp. n., an enteropneust occurring in the Solent. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 25, 283 - 301.
- Rao, K. P. (1957) Two species of Enteropneusta from off the coast of Madras. Proceedings of the Indian Science Congress, 42, 301.
- Wagner, N. (1885) Die Wirbellosen des Weissen Meeres. Zoologische Forschungen an der Kuste des Solowetzkischen Meerbusens in den Sommermonaten der Jahre 1877, 1878, 1879 und 1882, Leipzig, Engelmann, 167.
- Benham, W. B. (1895) Balanoglossus otagoensis, n. sp. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, 42, 497 - 504, pl. 45.
- Ritter, W. E. (1902) The movements of the Enteropneusta and the mechanism by which they are accomplished. Biological Bulletin, 3, 255 - 261.
- Ritter, W. E. (1929) A Monograph of the Enteropneusta of Pacific North America. Dolichoglossus pusillus n. sp. Videnskabelige Meddelelser Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening, 87, 154 - 195.
- Tattersall, W. M. (1905) Enteropneusta from west coast of Ireland. Annual Report of Fisheries, Ireland Scientific Investigations, 1902, 213 - 214.
- Brambell, F. W. R., Rogers, W. & Cole, A. J. (1939) Saccoglossus cambrensis sp. n., an enteropneust ocuring in Whales. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, B, 109, 211 - 236.
- Burdon-Jones, C. & Patil, A. M. (1960) A revision of the genus Saccoglossus (Enteropneusta) in British waters. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 134, 635 - 645.