Diplopoma rigidulum Morelet 1851
Creators
Description
Diplopoma rigidulum (Morelet, 1851)
Figures 8 L–W, 12 C, 13 B, F, H
Type material. NHMUK 1893.2.4.704-5 (2), syntypes (fig. 8 K); ANSP 14098 (1), syntype.
Type locality. “ rupestria prov. Vera-Paz” [but NHMUK 93.2.4.704-5 label reads: “Peten. S. Luis”].
Type figured. Unfigured.
Cresonymy.
Cyclostoma rigidulum Morelet, 1851: 18; Pfeiffer, 1852b: 154; Richardson et al., 1991: 52; Watters, 2006: 442.
Cistula? rigidula (Morelet, 1851). Pfeiffer, 1852a: 418; Pfeiffer, 1853a: 191.
Cistula rigidula (Morelet, 1851). Adams & Adams, 1856: 294; Pfeiffer, 1858: 134 –135; Pfeiffer, 1865: 144; Bland, 1866: 61; Pfeiffer, 1876: 189.
Adamsiella rigidula (Morelet, 1851). Fischer & Crosse, 1888: 175, 176; Morlet, 1888: 358; Fischer & Crosse, 1890: 179, 182, pl. 42, figs. 12, 12a, 12b.
Choanopoma rigidulum (Morelet, 1851). Martens, 1890: 14, 16, pl. 1, fig. 3.
Choanopoma rigitulum [sic] (Morelet, 1851). Martens, 1890: caption to pl. 1.
Ctenopoma rigidulum (Morelet, 1851). Fischer & Crosse, 1890: 188.
Cyclostoma rigidula Morelet, 1851. Baker, 1924b: 42.
Licina (Choanopomops) rigidulum (Morelet, 1851). Baker, 1928: 48 –49.
Choanopoma (Choanopoma) rigidulum (Morelet, 1851). Haas & Solem, 1960: 130.
Choanopoma (Choanopomops) rigidulum (Morelet, 1851). Solem, 1961: 195 –196, pl. 10, fig. 1, pl. 12, fig. 24a, map 1; Thompson, 2011: 47, 278, 280.
Parachondrops rigidulus (Morelet, 1851). Watters, 2006: 48, 442.
non Annularia (Annularis [sic]) rigidula “Morelet” Haas, 1949: 137 [= Adamsiella osberti Tristram, 1861, fide Solem, 1961: 196].
Distribution and habitat. Endemic to limestone outcrops of the Maya Mountains and Vaca Plateau in Petén and Alta Verapaz departments, Guatemala, and Cayo and Toledo districts, Belize. Specimens have been found from 75–600 m altitude. Found under rocks and among scree in karstic rainforests; in and among caves. Often abundant.
Conservation. Large portions of this species’ range in Belize are in forest and nature reserves, as well as national parks. There are no records from the Guatemalan Maya Biosphere Reserve.
Other material (specimens examined: 326 specimens). Belize. Cayo District: GTW 8713a (3), UF 135055 (52), Rio Frío Cave; GTW 8713b (1), Mountain Pine Ridge Forest Reserve; GTW 8713c (1), Grego coll. (7), San Ignacio; UF 146240 (14), UF 146271 (16), Duffy Bank area 4.9 km SE of San Ignacio, 110m; UF 146316 (2), UF 146330 (12), on road to Xunantunich temple 0.5 km N of Benque Viejo Del Carmen, 100 m; UF 207341 (29), limestone hill 14.0 km SSE of Benque Viejo Del Carmen, 300 m; UF 135086 (1), UF 146288 (9), UF 146303 (13), Xunantunich temple, 110 m; UF 207468 (2), hill 1.0 km NE of Arenal, 150 m; UF 207451 (10), limestone hill road cut at Guacamallo bridge over East Branch Macal River, 600 m; UF 207399 (138), Caracol temple, 600 m; UF 207424 (31), limestone hill 12.5 km NE of Caracol, 510 m; UF 207491 (11), limestone cliff on E side of East Branch Macal River 1.0 km NW of Black Rock, 120 m; UF 207368 (7), limestone hill 10.0 km SE of Benque Viejo Del Carmen on road to hydroelectric dam, 350 m. Toledo District: UF 206762 (2), UF 207810 (19), UF 207843 (18), limestone ridge 1.0 km S of Aguacate, 100 m; UF 207751 (4), UF 207772 (1), limestone ridge 2.0 km N of Blue Creek, 75 m; UF 207885 (21), limestone hill 3.2 km E of Blue Creek, 75 m. Guatemala. Petén Department: UF 155813 (1), 2.3 km N of Poptún; UF 155790 (9), on Modesto Mendez Fores Road 7.5 km S of Poptún; GTW 8713f (5), km 369 on road from Rio Dulce to Flores; GTW 8713d (7), km 375 on road from Rio Dulce to Flores; GTW 8713h (1), km 333 on road from Rio Dulce to Flores. Alta Verapaz Department: GTW 8713e (6), road out of Lanquín, GTW 8713g (20), B'onb'il Pek Cave area.
Description. Shell conical, high-spired, thin, last 1/3 – 1/2 of whorl solute. Smallest adult specimen seen 6.4 mm in length, largest 9.6 mm, average 8.6 mm (decollate). Protoconch usually lost in adult, 1.5 large, rounded, smooth, tan whorls, not clearly demarcated from teleoconch. Teleoconch of 3 – 4 rounded whorls. Umbilicus narrow, open. Spiral sculpture absent except for 2 – 3 cords in the umbilicus. Axial sculpture of numerous coarse, erect, regularly and distantly spaced lamellae, ca. 40 – 50 on the final whorl. These lamellae are often broken rendering the edges ragged or serrate. Suture strongly indented. Tufts absent but the axial lamellae are thicker and taller at the suture. On solute portion of final whorl they form a serrated ridge and the sculpture on the axial side of this ridge is nearly absent. Aperture nearly circular. Inner lip smooth, narrowly exserted. Outer lip lamellate, widely reflected perpendicular to whorl, more or less evenly expanded, somewhat narrower facing umbilicus, strongly auriculate posteriorly, solute from previous whorl. Base color dingy white. Patterned with ca. 4 – 5 diffuse brown bands, sometimes broken into spots, bands do not continue over adapertural face of peristome, bands visible inside aperture. Peristome white, occasionally orangish. Operculum multispiral with a calcareous, slightly oblique lamella. Radula and anatomy unknown.
Sides of animal brown, head pale tan (fig. 13 B); antennae pale yellow, tips abruptly pale tan; area between bases of antennae pale purplish brown, diffuse. Eyes black.
Variation in specimens. Specimens are remarkably uniform in most characteristics, varying primarily in the number of axial lamellae and adult size.
Comparison with other species. Diplopoma osberti is similar but lacks the coarse, axial sculpture. This species differs from other Central American species in the greater degree to which the final whorl is solute.
Remarks. Solem (1961) speculated that D. osberti was the upland form of D. rigidulum. While it is correct that D. rigidulum generally occurs at lower elevations than does D. osberti, the latter is a distinct species narrowly endemic to the karst region around Lanquín, Alta Verapaz, Guatemala.
Original description (translated here from Latin). “Shell turreted, a good part truncate, lamellate-costae, scaly, waxy horn-colored, decorated around with 4–5 interrupted reddish bands; spire conic-turret, apex smooth. 7.5 convex whorls, suture deeply marked, last solute, deflected down, more or less extended. Aperture oblong, colored the same inside; peristome double, outer lip lamellate, extensive, top right produced into a concave angle.” 12 mm.
Etymology. L. diminutive of rigidus, a little rigid.
Notes
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Linked records
Additional details
Identifiers
Biodiversity
- Family
- Pomatiidae
- Genus
- Diplopoma
- Kingdom
- Animalia
- Order
- Neotaenioglossa
- Phylum
- Mollusca
- Scientific name authorship
- Morelet
- Species
- rigidulum
- Taxon rank
- species
- Taxonomic concept label
- Diplopoma rigidulum Morelet, 1851 sec. Watters, 2014
References
- Morelet, A. (1851) Testacea novissima insulae Cubanae et Americae centralis, Vol. 2. Bailliere, J. - B. Paris, 30 pp.
- Pfeiffer, L. (1852 b) Literatur. Zeitschrift fur Malakozoologie, 9 (10), 152 - 156.
- Richardson, C. L., Robertson, R., Davis, G. M. & Spamer, E. E. (1991) Catalog of the types of neontological Mollusca in the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. Pt. 6. Gastropoda: Mesogastropoda: Viviparacea, Valvatacea, Littorinacea, Rissoacea (Pt. 1: Adeorbidae, Amnicolidae, Anabathridae, Assimineidae, Barleeidae, Bithyniidae, Caecidae, Cingulopsidae, Elashisinidae, Falsicingulidae). Tryonia, 23, 1 - 243.
- Watters. G. T. (2006) The Caribbean landsnail family Annulariidae. A revision of the higher taxa and catalog of the species. Backhuys Publ., Leiden, 584 pp.
- Pfeiffer, L. (1852 a) Monographia pneumonoporum viventum. Cassellis, T. Fischer, 435 pp.
- Pfeiffer, L. (1853 a) Catalogue of Phaneropneumona, or terrestrial operculated Mollusca, in the British Museum. British Museum, London, 324 pp.
- Adams, H. & Adams, A. (1856) The genera of Recent Mollusca, arranged according to their organization, 2. J. Van Voorst, London, 40 + 484 pp. [Parts 25 - 28, pp. 285 - 412] [plates 97 - 112]
- Pfeiffer, L. (1858) Monographia pneumonopomorum viventium, Supplementum Primum. T. Fischer, Cassellis, 249 pp.
- Pfeiffer, L. (1865) Monographia pneumonopomorum viventium, Supplementum Secundum. T. Fischer, Cassellis, 284 pp.
- Bland, T. (1866) Remarks on the origin and distribution of the operculated land shells which inhabit the continent of America and the West Indies, with a catalogue of the American species. American Journal of Conchology, 2, 54 - 63, 136 - 143, 349 - 370.
- Pfeiffer, L. (1876) Monographia pneumonopomorum viventium, accedente fossilium enumeratione. Supplementum tertium, monographiae auriculaceorum. Parte secunda auctum. T. Fischer, Cassel, x + 479 pp.
- Fischer, P. & Crosse, H. (1888) Etudes sur les mollusques terrestres et fluviatiles de Mexique et de Guatemala. Mission Scientifique au Mexique et dans l'Amerique Centrale. Recherches Zoologiques, 2 (2), 129 - 176.
- Morlet, L. (1888) [Review of Fischer, P. & Crosse, H. 1880 - 1902]. Journal de Conchyliologie, 36, 355 - 358.
- Fischer, P. & Crosse, H. (1890) Etudes sur les mollusques terrestres et fluviatiles de Mexique et de Guatemala. Mission Scientifique au Mexique et dans l'Amerique Centrale. Recherches Zoologiques, 2 (2), 177 - 256.
- Martens, K. E. von. (1890) Land and freshwater Mollusca. In: Godman, F. D. & Salvin, O. (Eds.), Biologia Centrali-Americana. R. H. Porter, London, pp. 1 - 40. [plates 1]
- Baker, H. B. (1924 b) Land and freshwater molluscs of the Dutch Leeward Islands. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, 152, 1 - 159.
- Baker, H. B. (1928) Mexican mollusks collected for Dr. Bryant Walker in 1926, I. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, 193, 1 - 65.
- Haas, F. & Solem, A. (1960) Non-marine mollusks from British Honduras. Nautilus, 73, 129 - 131. [plates. 13, figs. 5 - 7]
- Solem, A. (1961) A preliminary review of the pomatiasid land snails of Central America (Mollusca, Prosobranchia). Archiv fur Molluskenkunde, 90 (4 / 6), 191 - 213.
- Thompson, F. G. (2011) An annotated checklist and bibliography of the land and freshwater snails of Mexico and Central America. Bulletin of the Florida Museum of Natural History, 50 (1), 1 - 299.
- Haas, F. (1949) Some land and freshwater mollusks from Guatemala. Nautilus, 62, 136 - 138.
- Tristram, H. B. (1861) Catalogue of a collection of terrestrial and fluviatile mollusks made by O. Salvin, Esq., M. A., F. Z. S., in Guatemala. Proceedings of the Zoological Society, 2, 229 - 233. [1861]