Mullidae

Mulloidichthys flavolineatus (Lacepède [ex Commerson], 1801) —Yellowstripe goatfish STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on specimens observed and photographed at St. CTR 0 1, CTR 0 6, CTR 0 7, CTR 35.

DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Red Sea, East and South Africa east to Hawaiian and Line islands and Pitcairn Group, north to southern Japan, south to northern Australia, Lord Howe and Norfolk islands and Rapa. Found on sand adjacent to coral or rocky reefs, 1– 35 m. Marine.

Mulloidichthys vanicolensis (Valenciennes in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1831) —Yellowfin goatfish STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on specimens photographed at St. CTR 21, and by A. Berberian. Previously reported as Mulloidichthys auriflamma (non Forsskål in Niebuhr, 1775) by Kailola 1975: 150).

DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Red Sea and East Africa east to Hawaiian Islands and Easter Island, north to southern Japan, south to northern New Zealand. Found in coastal and offshore coral reefs, 1– 113 m. Marine. Parupeneus barberinoides (Bleeker, 1852) —Bicolour goatfish

STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on specimens photographed at St. CTR 0 5. WAM material (WAM P.29624-009).

DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Indonesia east to Caroline Islands and Samoa, north to Ryukyu and Ogasawara islands, south to northern Australia and New Caledonia. Found on rubble, in seagrass habitats, and in coral reefs, 1– 40 m. Marine.

Parupeneus barberinus (Lacepède [ex Commerson], 1801) —Dot-dash goatfish (Fig. 9)

STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on specimens observed and photographed at St. CTR 0 1, CTR 0 2, PCT07, CTR 11, CTR 13, PT 14, CTR 15, CTR 17, CTR 21, CTR 35, PR 248. AMS and CAS material (AMS I.17089-008; CAS 65952).

DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. South and East Africa, Madagascar and Mascarenes east to Line, Marquesas and Gambier islands, north to southern Japan, south to Western Australia, New South Wales (Australia), Lord Howe Island and Tonga. Found over sand and rubble adjacent to coral or rocky reefs, 1– 100 m. Marine.

Parupeneus crassilabris (Valenciennes in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1831) —Doublebar goatfish STATUS AT MADANG. First record from Madang by Randall (2004: 21). Specimens observed and photographed at St. CTR 0 3, CTR 0 5, CTR 0 6, CTR 0 7, CTR 0 8, CTR 10, CTR 11, CTR 13, CTR 14, CTR 15, CTR 16, CTR 17, CTR 20, CTR 22, CTR 25, CTR 27, PR 249. AMS and USNM material.

DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Indonesia east to Caroline Islands and Tonga, north to Ryukyu Islands, south to northern Australia and New Caledonia. Found solitary or in groups, on soft bottoms associated with coastal or seaward reefs, 1– 80 m. Marine.

Parupeneus cyclostomus (Lacepède [ex Commerson], 1801) —Goldsaddle goatfish

STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on specimens observed and photographed at St. CTR 0 3, CTR 0 9, CTR 15, CTR 16B, CTR 33.

DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Red Sea, East and South Africa, Madagascar and Mascarenes east to Hawaiian and Line islands and Pitcairn Group, north to southern Japan, south to Point Quobba (Western Australia), New South Wales (Australia), Lord Howe Island and Rapa. Found on coral, rocky, or rubble bottoms of reef flats, lagoons, and seaward reefs, 1– 125 m. Marine.

Parupeneus heptacanthus (Lacepède, 1802) —Cinnabar goatfish, redspot goatfish

STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on a specimen photographed by P. Laboute (St. PR 164).

DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Red Sea, East Africa, Madagascar and Mascarenes east to Marshall Islands, Samoa and Tonga, north to southern Japan, south to Western Australia and Lord Howe Island. Found over muddy, sandy, rubble, or seagrass bottoms of lagoon and seaward coral reefs, 12– 100 m. Marine.

Parupeneus indicus (Shaw [ex Russell], 1803) —Indian goatfish

STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on specimens photographed at St. CTR 0 6, PR 105; also by A. Berberian.

DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. South and East Africa, Madagascar and western Mascarenes east to Marshall and Austral islands, north to southern Japan and Ogasawara Islands, south to Joseph Bonaparte Gulf (Western Australia), Queensland (Australia), New Caledonia and Tonga. Found on sandy or silty areas of coastal and inner lagoon coral or rocky reefs, 0– 30 m. Marine.

Parupeneus multifasciatus (Quoy & Gaimard, 1825) —Multibar goatfish

STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on specimens observed and photographed at St. CTR 0 3, CTR 0 4, CTR 11, CTR 13, CTR 14, CTR 15, CTR 17, CTR 21, CTR 22, CTR 24, PR 105. USNM material (USNM 288326).

DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Cocos-Keeling Islands and Indonesia east to Hawaiian Islands and Pitcairn Group, north to southern Japan, south to northern Australia, Lord Howe and Norfolk islands. Solitary, in coral reefs and adjacent coral-rubble areas, 1– 161 m. Marine.

Parupeneus pleurostigma (Bennett, 1831) —Sidespot goatfish

STATUS AT MADANG. First record from Madang by Kailola (1987b: 323). Specimens observed at St. CTR 0 1. USNM material.

DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. East Africa, Seychelles, Madagascar and Mascarenes; Andaman Sea east to Hawaiian and Line islands and Pitcairn Group, north to southern Japan, south to northern Australia, Lord Howe Island, Tonga and Rapa. Found on various substrates associated with coral or rocky reefs, 1– 75 m. Marine.

Upeneus sulphureus Cuvier in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1829 —Sulphur goatfish

STATUS AT MADANG. First record from Madang by Kailola (1976: 152). KFRS material.

DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. East Africa east to Philippines and Fiji, north to southern China, south to northern Australia. Solitary or in groups, on sand-rubble areas of lagoons, 5– 90 m. Marine.

Upeneus tragula Richardson, 1846 —Freckled goatfish

STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on specimens photographed at St. CTR 33, and by P. Laboute on 10 Dec. 2012.

DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Red Sea and East Africa east to Palau and New Guinea, north to southern Japan, south to northern Australia and New Caledonia. Solitary or in groups, on sand-rubble areas, often near coral reefs, 3– 40 m. Marine.