Copidosoma Ratzeburg 1844

Key to Chinese species of Copidosoma Ratzeburg (females)

[Partly (funicle 5-segmented species) adapted from Yu et al. 2010]

1 Antenna with funicle 5-segmented....................................................................... 2

- Antenna with funicle 6-segmented....................................................................... 6

2 Clava 3-segmented.................................................................... C. trisegmentis (Xu)

- Clava 1-segmented................................................................................... 3

3 Basal cell of fore wing with relatively dense setae and postmarginal vein almost absent......... C. orientale (Yu & Zhang)

- Basal cell of fore wing with sparse setae and postmarginal vein present.......................................... 4

4 Scape completely yellow................................................................ C. nacoleiae (Eady)

- Scape dark brown or generally dark brown except about apical 1/4 sometimes yellow............................... 5

5 Scape generally dark brown except about apical 1/4 yellow; truncated part of clava about half clava length.................................................................................................. C. bohemicum (Hoffer)

- Scape completely dark brown; truncated part of clava about 2/3 clava length............. C. meridionale (Kazmi & Hayat)

6 Clava obliquely truncated; truncated part not less than 1/3 length of clava (Figs 2, 14, 20, 26)........................ 7

- Clava not truncated or transversely truncated; if slightly obliquely truncated, then truncated part not longer than 1/5 length of clava............................................................................................. 18

7 Clava 3-segmented, sutures always complete............................................................... 8

- Clava 1-segmented, rarely (primulum) with 1 or 2 incomplete sutures.......................................... 10

8 Scutellum with longitudinally lineolate sculpture (Fig. 21); F1 not more than 1.5× as long as broad (Fig. 20); third valvula fused to second valvifer (Fig. 24); postmarginal vein about half as long as stigmal vein (Fig. 22); mesofemur and mesotibia completely yellow (Fig. 23)................................................. C. longchuane Li & Wang, sp. nov.

- Scutellum with small, polygonally reticulate sculpture (cf. Figs 3, 15, 33); F1 at least 2× as long as broad; third valvula sepa- rated from second valvifer; postmarginal vein about as long as or slightly shorter than stigmal vein; mesofemur and mesotibia mostly dark......................................................................................... 9

9 Truncated part of clava about half as long as clava; OOL less than OD (2/3)?OOL: OCL=1; F1 shorter than pedicel........................................................................................ C. chalconotum (Dalman)

- Truncated part of clava about 2/3 as long as clava; OOL distinctly larger than OD (1.67×); OOL: OCL=2.5; F1 as long as or longer than pedicel.................................................................. C. serricorne (Dalman)

10 Scutellum with longitudinally lineolate sculpture........................................................... 11

- Scutellum with more or less round, polygonally reticulate sculpture............................................ 12

11 F1 quadrate; fore wing about 2.1× as long as broad; ovipositor slightly longer than mesotibia (1.18×); legs mainly brown; metasoma brown.................................................................. C. agrotis (Fonscolombe)

- F1 distinctly longer than broad (Fig. 26); fore wing (Fig. 28) 2.6× as long as broad; ovipositor distinctly shorter than mesotibia (0.75×); legs (Fig. 30) mainly pale, except tarsomeres 1–4, yellowish brown, fifth tarsomere and mesocoxa dark brown; meta-

soma (Fig. 27) light brown except for the flanks of T1 and ventral half pale yellow........ C. longiclavatum Kazmi & Hayat 12 Clava longer than scape (Fig. 14); fore wing (Fig. 16) 2.7× as long as broad; postmarginal vein only slightly shorter than stig- mal vein.................................................................. C. linzhiensis Li & Wang, sp. nov. - Clava shorter than scape; fore wing relatively broader, not more than 2.4× as long as broad; postmarginal vein at most about half as long as stigmal vein........................................................................... 13

13 Scape 4× as long as broad; eye height 2× malar space.............................. C. hanzhongenum Dang & Wang

- Scape at least 5.5× as long as broad; eye height usually distinctly less than 2× malar space......................... 14

14 Third valvula fused to second valvifer (Fig. 6)..................................... C. heinitane Li & Wang, sp. nov.

- Third valvula separated from second valvifer............................................................. 15

15 Ovipositor at least slightly longer than mesotibia; OOL longer than OCL........................................ 16

- Ovipositor shorter than mesotibia; OOL equal or shorter than OCL............................................. 17

16 Mouth cavity 1.2× as broad as frontovertex; ovipositor distinctly longer than mesotibia (1.3×)....... C. primulum (Mercet)

- Mouth cavity not more than 0.7× as broad as frontovertex; ovipositor about as long as mesotibia.. C. truncatellum (Dalman)

17 F1 0.7× as long as broad; truncated part of clava 2/3 length of clava; fore wing with marginal vein as long as stigmal vein.................................................................................... C. floridanum (Ashmead)

- F1 1.5× as long as broad; truncated part of clava 2/5 length of clava; fore wing with marginal vein distinctly shorter than stig- mal vein.............................................................................. C. sosares (Walker)

18 Clava 1-segmented, rarely (peticus) with incomplete sutures................................................. 1 9

- Clava 3-segmented, sutures always complete.............................................................. 20

19 Tegula yellow with apex transparent; OOL=OCL; fore wing 2.2× as long as broad................... C. peticus (Walker)

- Tegula dark brown; OOL 1.67× OCL; fore wing 2.5× as long as broad.................... C. phaloniae Zhang & Huang

20 Funicle with white, pale yellow or yellow segments, contrasting with other segments............................. 21

- Funicle without pale segments, usually dark and more or less concolorous, at most with several dark yellowish brown or pale brown segments which may slightly paler than other segments................................................ 24

21 Scutellum with shallow reticulate sculpture; legs mainly yellow, meso- and metacoxa and metafemur brown, with metallic lus- tre, base of metatibia brown........................................................... C. albipes (Westwood)

- Scutellum with longitudinally lineolate sculpture; legs mostly dark............................................ 22

22 Funicle with at least F5 and F6 dark brown................................................. C. varicorne (Nees)

- Funicle with at most F6 brown or dark brown............................................................. 23

23 Scape about 4.5× as long as broad; ovipositor distinctly exserted at apex of metasoma; fore wing without marginal vein...................................................................................... C. amarginalia Li & Ma

- Scape about 7× as long as broad; ovipositor not exserted at apex of metasoma; fore wing with distinct marginal vein....................................................................................... C. subalbicorne (Hoffer)

24 Postmarginal vein as long as stigmal vein; malar space as long as eye height; ocelli forming an angle of 130°........................................................................................... C. dioryctria Dang & Wang

- Postmarginal vein usually about half length of stigmal vein, if distinctly longer (about 2/ 3 in baii), then ocelli forming an angle of about 90° and apex of clava transversely truncated....................................................... 25

25 Ventral surface of clava with sensory area which at least extending to half length of clava, clava usually with apex rounded and ventrally concave.................................................................................... 26

- Ventral surface of clava without sensory area and not concave, apex of clava not truncated, or truncated transversely, if slightly obliquely truncated, then truncated part not longer than 1/5 length of clava...................................... 33

26 Tegula entirely brown to dark brown.................................................................... 27

- Tegula pale, or mostly pale with apex dark................................................................. 29

27 Ovipositor 1.13× as long as mesotibia, exerted part of ovipositor 0.3× as long as mesotibia; clava about as long as funicle; mesofemur mostly brown.............................................................. C. ancharus (Walker)

- Ovipositor at least 1.64× as long as mesotibia, exerted part of ovipositor about 0.6× as long as mesotibia; clava distinctly shorter than funicle; mesofemur yellow.................................................................. 28

28 F1 about 3×, F6 about 2×, as long as broad; ocelli forming an angle of about 80°; legs yellow except metafemur and metatibia largely brown........................................................................... C. tibiale Hoffer

- Both F1 and F6 only slightly longer than broad (Fig. 32); ocelli forming an obtuse triangle; legs (Fig. 35) mostly dark, mid leg with femur, tibia and tarsomeres yellow................................................. C. recurvariae Sharkov

29 Ovipositor at least 2.73× as long as mesotibia, and exerted part at least about as long as mesotibia; metafemur yellow; fore wing 2.7× as long as broad............................................................................ 30

- Ovipositor not more than 1.5× as long as mesotibia, and exerted part at most about as long as mesotibial spur; metafemur mainly brown; fore wing at most 2.4× as long as broad...................................................... 31

30 F1 about 2× as long as pedicel; ovipositor 2.73× as long as mesotibia; mesotibia brown........ C. boucheanum Ratzeburg

- F1 about as long as pedicel; ovipositor 3.17× as long as mesotibia; mesotibia yellow................. C. terebrator Mayr

31 Scutellum with sculpture of striate appearance, composed of elongate cells; pro- and mesofemur brown; OOL=OCL........................................................................................... C. filicorne (Dalman)

- Scutellum with sculpture of dotted appearance, composed of more or less rounded cells; pro- and mesofemur yellow; OOL dis- tinctly less than OCL.................................................................................. 32

32 Scape 1.25–1.4× as long as eye height; pedicel very slightly to slightly longer than F1, F1 2.5–3.0×, F6 1.6–1.65×, as long as broad............................................................................. C. flagellare (Dalman)

- Scape 1.55–1.7× as long as eye height; pedicel approximately as long as F1, F1 3.5–4.2×, F6 1.75–2.0×, as long as broad....

..................................................................................... C. anceus (Walker) 33 Apex of clava not truncated; ocelli forming an angle of 60°; OOL 1/4 OCL................ C. malacosoma Dang & Wang

- Apex of clava truncated; ocelli forming an angle of 90° or obtuse triangle; OOL at least 2/3 OCL.................... 34

34 Legs yellow with meso- and metacoxa, metafemur and base of metatibia dark brown; first clavomere clearly separated from the second, thus funicle appearing 7-segmented........................................... C. baii Zhang & Huang

- Legs generally brown to dark brown except joints, tarsomeres and occasionally mesotibiae yellowish; antenna not as in above................................................................................................... 35

35 F1 about 2.6× as long as broad, and about as long as pedicel; scutellum with a shallow, but distinct median ridge in basal half; ocelli forming an angle of about 90°................................................. C. fuscisquama (Thomson)

- F1 about 1.6× as long as broad, and about 0.7× as long as pedicel; scutellum without a distinct median ridge in basal half; ocelli forming an angle of 120°............................................................ C. aretas (Walker)