Odiniidae

Key to subfamilies, and extant Neotropical genera and species of Traginopinae (Odiniidae)

This key is modified from Shewell (1960), Sabrosky (1959), Prado (1973), Gaimari (2007, 2010), Gaimari & Mathis (2011), Carvalho-Filho et al. (2009), Limeira-de-Oliveira et al. (2017, 2020a, b).

1. Posterior ocelli in line with inner vertical setae; ocelli arranged in equilateral triangle or with distance between posterior pair greater than between posterior ocelli and anterior ocellus. Frons flat to slightly concave, never tuberculated. In profile, face usually distinctly angulate with frons at antennal insertion level. Scutellar disc bare...................... ODINIINAE

- Posterior ocelli in front of line between inner vertical setae; ocelli usually arranged in isosceles triangle with distance between posterior pair conspicuously smaller than between posterior ocelli and anterior ocellus. Frons usually relatively arched, sometimes conspicuously tuberculate. In profile, face and frons more or less in line or sloping. Scutellar disc sometimes setulose.............................................................................................................................................................................. TRAGINOPINAE … 2

2. Ocelli on an ocellar plate elevated anteriorly from the vertex.................................................. 3

- Ocelli on a flat ocellar plate............................................................................. 6

3. Arista plumose. Vein M 1 strongly curved at apex....................................... Paratraginops Hendel … 4

- Arista pubescent. Vein M 1 straight..................................................... Neotraginops Prado … 5

4. Base of scutellum setulose. Anterior fronto-orbital setae without spot at base (Brazil, Guyana).................................................................................................. Paratraginops pilicornis Cresson

- Base of scutellum glabrous. Anterior fronto-orbital setae with dark brown spot at base (Brazil)................................................................................................ Paratraginops plaumanni Shewell

5. Genal area close to the lower margin of the eye with one large brown spot. Wing without X-shaped hyaline mark in cells r 1 and r 2+3 (Brazil, Colombia, Paraguai, Peru).......................................... Neotraginops clathratus (Hendel)

- Genal area close to the lower margin of the eye with two large brown spots. Wing with X-shaped hyaline marks in cells r 1 and r 2+3 (Mexico).......................................... Neotraginops mexicanus Hernández-Ortiz & Dzul-Cauich

6. Vein C reaching vein R 4+5 or slightly beyond............................................................... 7

- Vein C reaching vein M 1 .............................................................................. 20

7. Postocellar setae present. Postcranium almost straight in dorsal view............................................ 8

- Postocellar setae absent. Postcranium concave in dorsal view................................................. 10

8. Four dorsocentral setae (1+3). Prescutellum present (Costa Rica)...................... Pradomyia hadromera Gaimari

- Five dorsocentral setae (1+4). Prescutellum absent......................... Pauximyia Limeira-de-Oliveira et al. … 9

9. Lunule with velvet black band through upper part of antennal bases. Hind tibia almost as long as fore tibia (Brazil)....................................................................... Pauximyia oliveirai Limeira-de-Oliveira et al.

- Lunule entirely white. Hind tibia about half length of fore tibia (Brazil)........ Pauximyia vidali Limeira-de-Oliveira et al.

10. Two or more inclinate fronto-orbital setae. Scutellar disc setulose.............................................. 11

- Only one inclinate fronto-orbital setae. Scutellar disc glabrous................................................ 12

11. Lunule with central black spot. Gena without upturned seta (Peru)....................... Shewellia agromyzina Hennig

- Lunule unmarked, with no black spot. Gena with two upturned setae (Costa Rica)......... Neoschildomyia fusca Gaimari

12. Face brown to black pruinose laterally and white pruinose medially............ Inpauema Limeira-de-Oliveira et al. … 13

- Face uniformly yellow pruinose........................................................................ 17

13. Mesonotum with a large mid-longitudinal gray stripe intermixed with brown stripes, reaching scutellum. Cercus with a small, pointed projection in the tip (Brazil).................................. Inpauema gaimarii Limeira-de-Oliveira et al.

- Mesonotum dark brown to black with a faint mid-longitudinal gray pruinose stripe between dorsocentral row of setae that does not reach base of scutellum, more distinct when seen under anterior incidence of light. Cercus without projections....... 14

14. Mid-longitudinal stripe of lunule with distinct divergent sides ventrally, subtriangular. Gena predominantly brown pruinose. Tergite 6 asymmetrical, very short, restricted to the right side. Gonocoxal apodemes not fused posteriorly when seen from posterior view (Brazil).............................................. Inpauema xavieri Limeira-de-Oliveira et al.

- Mid-longitudinal stripe of lunule parallel sided subrectangular. Gena predominantly gray-yellowish pruinose. Tergite 6 symmetrical. Gonocoxal apodemes fused posteriorly when seen from posterior view.............................. 15

15. Fronto-orbital plate dark brown pruinose. Wing slightly brown infuscated in anterior half. Tergite 6 almost as long as syntergosternite 7+8 (Brazil)....................................... Inpauema catarinae Limeira-de-Oliveira et al.

- Fronto-orbital plate predominantly gray-yellowish to light brown pruinose. Wing entirely hyaline or slightly brown infuscated only on cell c and basal part of cell r 1. Tergite 6 shorter than syntergosternite 7 + 8................................ 16

16. Frons velvety black pruinose. Coxae and femora brown to dark brown. Tergite 6 narrow dorsally, about 4X shorter than syntergosternite 7+8. Epandrium without spots (Brazil)................... Inpauema mirador Limeira-de-Oliveira et al.

- Frons velvety brown pruinose. Coxae and femora light brown. Tergite 6 approximately half the length of syntergosternite 7+8. Epandrium rounded spotted medially (Brazil)...................... Inpauema raimundoluizi Limeira-de-Oliveira et al.

17. Frons with two black spots, distinct in anterior view. Anepisternum with setae (Brazil)................................................................................................ Umbodinia bella Limeira-de-Oliveira et al.

- Frons without black spots, in anterior view. Anepisternum without setae..................... Helgreelia Gaimari … 18

18. Abdomen orange, with clear and thin setae (Costa Rica).................................. Helgreelia albeto Gaimari

- Abdomen predominantly brown with black setae........................................................... 19

19. Abdominal tergites entirely brown, without yellow margin. Arista entirely pubescente (Costa Rica)................................................................................................... Helgreelia parkeri Gaimari

- Abdominal tergites predominantly brown with yellow posterior margin. Arista plumose in basal half (Brazil).................................................................... Helgreelia gaimarii Carvalho-Filho, Esposito & Santos

20. Scutellar disc and margins with numerous setulae...................................... Schildomyia Malloch … 21

- Scutellum at most with 1 to 3 marginal setulae along lateral edges (Figs 4, 20, 33, 47).......... Lopesiodinia Prado … 29

21. One propleural seta. Prescutellar acrostichal setae absent.................................................... 22

- Two propleural setae. Prescutellar acrostichal setae present................................................... 25

22. Lunule with central black spot (Trinidad)....................................... Schildomyia trinidadensis Hennig

- Lunule without black spot............................................................................. 23

23. Fronto-orbital setae with first and second pairs, slightly apart from each other, that the alveolus of each is wrapped in its own dark brown spot, not bordered by short setae (Peru).................................. Schildomyia peruviana Hennig

- Fronto-orbital setae with first and second pairs, so close each other, that the dark brown spot surrounds the 2 alveoli at the same time, bordered by short setae........................................................................... 24

24. Frons longer than wide. Face entirely white pruinose. Vein dm-m about 2/3 the length of vein M 4 (Costa Rica, Panama)............................................................................... Schildomyia vittithorax Malloch

- Frons almost as long as wide. Face white pruinose with velvety dark brown band, transverse just below antennal base. Vein dm-m slightly longer than vein M 4 (Brazil).............................................. Schildomyia lanei Prado

25. Scutellum light golden pruinose, except for a medium brownish spot on anterior border (Brazil)...................................................................................................... Schildomyia flavida Prado

- Scutellum grayish pruinose, with light brown spots in many parts of the scutellum, forming patterns.................. 26

26. Fronto-orbital setae without spots at insertion points. Antenna always entirely yellow (Panama).................................................................................................. Schildomyia brevihirta Malloch

- Fronto-orbital setae with brown spots at insertion points. Antenna with dark spots................................. 27

27. Thorax with sparse spots without distinct pattern. Abdomen light brown. Male with tergite 5 reticulated (Brazil)...................................................................................... Schildomyia reticulata Prado

- Thorax with spots arranged in line. Abdomen black. Male tergite 5 not reticulated................................. 28

28. Lunule with central velvety black spot. Postpedicel yellow without black spots (Brazil)........ Schildomyia goyana Prado

- Lunule without black spot. Postpedicel with black spots on inner and outer surfaces (Costa Rica)............................................................................................... Schildomyia punctifrons Malloch

29. Arista with long rays (Brazil)................................................... Lopesiodinia alvarengai Prado

- Arista pubescent (Figs 1, 3, 17, 19, 30, 32, 44, 46).......................................................... 30

30. Specimens almost entirely gray to silvery gray pruinose (Figs 17, 44).......................................... 31

- Specimens almost entirely greenish yellow pruinose (Figs 1, 30).............................................. 32

31. Frons parallel sided dorsally, and convergent ventrally (Fig. 45). Inner surstylus with two distal spines (Fig. 50) (Brazil).................................................................................. Lopesiodinia diversa Prado

- Frons convergent dorsally and ventrally (Fig. 18). Inner surstylus without distal spines (Fig. 23) (Brazil).......................................................................................... Lopesiodinia argentata, sp. nov.

32. Outer surstylus with sparse setulae; inner surstylus without distal spine-like projection (Figs 8–9) (Brazil).......................................................................................... Lopesiodinia marcusi, sp. nov.

- Outer surstylus with dense setulae; inner surstylus with distal spine-like projection (Figs 37–38) (Brazil)........................................................................................ Lopesiodinia pontarolloi, sp. nov.