Figures 109–117. Characters used in the cladistic analysis. Species are mentioned in their generic combinations prior to analysis. The numbers in the figures refer to the numbers of the character states. 109. Base of male metafurca (posterior view). Idaea aversata (slide number) PS766. 110. Base of male metafurca (posterior view). Cartaletis variabilis (slide number) BMNH GEO20575. 111. Membranous sac at posterior part of male metathoracic coxa (dorsal view). Scopula silonaria BMNH GEO20433. 112. Opening on dorsal sclerite of male metathorax (dorsal view). Scopula ternata PS718. 113. Hair pencils of tibia on outer and inner margin of male hindleg. Ignobilia urnaria BMNH GEO20579. 114. Pretarsus of male hindleg. Zythos turbata BMNH GEO20443. 115. Pretarsus of male hindleg. Problepsis achlyobathra BMNH GEO20724. 116. Pouch on male 2nd sternite with lateral invaginations. Antitrygodes parvimacula PS883. 117. Lateral appendices of socii. Problepsis plagiata PS709.