Fig. 44. Tree topology taken from figure 43 in Freshwater Stingrays Of The Green River Formation Of Wyoming (Early Eocene), With The Description Of A New Genus And Species And An Analysis Of Its Phylogenetic Relationships (Chondrichthyes: Myliobatiformes)

Fig. 44. Tree topology taken from figure 43 (strict consensus tree) with ambiguous characters mapped (numbered as in text and matrix in table 5, unambiguous characters in fig. 43). Some of the characters are ambiguous because they are scored as uncertain in Hexatrygon (characters 4 and 21) and in Myliobatis (character 16); these are displayed conservatively on the tree (i.e., it is not simply assumed that they will be found in these taxa). Other characters have more than one equally parsimonious optimization (characters 3, 20, 32, 43), whereas others are scored as uncertain in the Green River stingrays (characters 12, 22, and 44). The optimization chosen in both of these cases is accelerated transformation, favoring reversals over independent gains. Characters denoted with an asterisk (*) are part of multistate transformation series that have unambiguous character states in figure 43.