Published March 25, 2019
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The Influence of Environmental Temperature and Humidity on the Elevational and Temporal Distributions of Rove Beetles (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) in a Quercus L. Forest in Jalisco, Mexico
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Rodríguez, William David, Navarrete-Heredia, José Luis, Klimaszewski, Jan, Guevara, Roger (2019): The Influence of Environmental Temperature and Humidity on the Elevational and Temporal Distributions of Rove Beetles (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) in a Quercus L. Forest in Jalisco, Mexico. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (1): 202-224, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.1.202, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x-73.1.202
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- urn:lsid:plazi.org:pub:5F3FDB36FFAB9333E03C982FFFE4327E
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References
- The elevational pattern of staphylinids in our study is similar to the elevational pattern published for dung beetles (Scarabaeidae) (Davis et al. 1999; Lobo and Halffter 2000; Escobar et al. 2007), but it 210 differed from those that recorded the highest rich- difference between the elevational extremes in a ness in intermediate elevations (Escobar et al. 2005; narrow elevational range of 600 m (2,100-2,700 m). Garc´ia-Lopez et al. 2012; Sanders 2002). The A similar change of species was also found in number of staphylinid species collected in our study Quercus forests in the Central Depression of decreased at elevations from 2,100-2,500 m, but Chiapas in Mexico (Caballero and Leon-Cortes increased at 2,700 m, where 72% of the total species 2012) and in humid forests of the Eastern Andes in from all elevations were captured. This increase was Colombia over small elevational ranges (Gutierrezdue to the increase in species replacement correlated Chacon and Ulloa-Chacon 2006; Sissa-Due~ nas and with increase of elevation. This phenomenon Navarrete-Heredia 2016). The variation could explains the high number of species and the be explained by the change in structure of the vegetation inside the Quercus forest and the narrow range of elevational distribution of many staphylinid species. The staphylinid assemblage changed between the extreme elevations in the Quercus forest because 37% of the species were found only above 2,500 m and 16% below that elevation.
- The pattern of a few dominant staphylinid species and a substantial number of rare species captured in our study has also been reported in other forests (Koskela 1972; Hanski and Hammond 1986; Jimenez-Sanchez et al. 2000a, 2001; Marquez 2003; Caballero and Leon-Cortes 2012), in pastures (Anderson and Mendes 1998), and in crops (Jimenez-Sanchez et al. 2001). There are a few highly abundant staphylinid species in the staphylinid assemblages in forested habitats and in the biogeographic transition zone between the Neotropical and Nearctic regions.The dominant species were P.testaceipennis and C. mexicanus that appear frequently in Mexican montane forests (Chani-Posse 2006; Marquez 2006) and Philonthus hoegei, which is an endemic of the Trans- Mexican Volcanic Belt (Marquez 2006). There are species captured in our study that are in several biogeographical provinces and extend their distribution towards the Neotropical region, but which do not show a defined elevational pattern, e.g., Philonthus aff. iris Sharp, Belonuchus aff. apiciventris n. spp., and Belonuchus rufipennis (Fabricius) (Marquez 2006).
- Temporal Diversity. The composition and richness of species changes over time due to the temporal distribution of the staphylinid species throughout the year. Humidity is the variable most affecting composition during the rainy season (July-December), a common attribute of the seasonality of many species (Jimenez-Sanchez et al. 2001; Rodr´iguez et al. 2018). This opinion is contrary to what has been reported in mid-elevation forests (864 m) (Marquez et al. 2004). Temperature explains the variation of assemblage composition in the dry season (January to June). This pattern could also be related to the reproductive period of the staphylinids and the greater availability of resources for their larvae during the rainy season, as was observed in tropical deciduous forests (Jimenez-Sanchez et al. 2009).
- The greatest staphylinid assemblage similarity occurred during the transition months between the rainy and the dry seasons (October to March), and it changed from being explained by humidity to being explained by temperature (Fig. 4). It shows the influence of temperature and humidity on species replacement over time and elevation in Quercus forests. This may also be the reason why the similarity in composition of staphylinids within this type of forest in the state of Chiapas is lower than in other types of habitats (Caballero et al. 2009).