Orchestina Simon 1882

Key to Afrotropical species of Orchestina Males

1. – Carapace usually broadly oval in dorsal view (Figs. 47, 171, 266); labium provided medially with group of often transparent flattened setae (1a, see also figs. 77, 91, 120, 190, 395); tips of endites not strongly sclerotized; endites without serrula (except for O. fractipes) (1b); attachment of the palpal patella to the tibia sub-basal (1c); palpal tibia strongly enlarged, usually more than two times as wide as femur (1d); embolus usually slender (1e).......................... (Macrofoliata group) 2

– Carapace ovoid or elongate oval in dorsal view (Figs. 206, 227, 417), labium without modified setae (1f); tips of endites strongly sclerotized and terminating in tooth-like projections; endites always with serrula (1g); attachment of the palpal patella to the tibia usually basal (1h); palpal tibia usually slightly enlarged, one or two (rarely more) times as wide as femur (1i); embolus thicker (1j)............................................................. (Probosciformis group) 11

2. – Chelicerae with distal group of long converging setae (2a); labium with two pairs of large flattened leaf-shaped setae and a single small flattened central seta (Figs. 120, 190, 338); tips of endites may be modified and bear a small projection (Figs. 117, 157, 320)........................................................................................... 3

– Chelicerae without such converging setae; central area of labium with two pairs of flattened setae, which may be wide (Figs. 395, 485) or thin (Figs. 77, 522); endites not modified (Figs. 76, 281)........................................... 6

3 – Tibia I much longer than carapace (ratio TL/CL ≈ 1.35); bulbus strongly enlarged, at least as wide as palpal tibia (3a); cymbium ovoid (3b); ampulla strongly enlarged; palpal femora not ventrally domed (3c)............................... 4

– Tibia I slightly longer than carapace (ratio TL/CL ≈ 1.16); bulbus normal, narrower than palpal tibia (3d); cymbium almost spherical (3e); ampulla not enlarged; palpal femora ventrally domed (3f).............................. O. communis

4 – Bulbus and palpal tibia three times as wide as palpal femur (4a); cymbium elongate ovoid (4b)....................... 5

– Bulbus and palpal tibia two times as wide as palpal femur (4c); cymbium more rounded (4d)................. O. cornuta

5 – Tibia I sinuous in lateral view (5a), with a group of ventrobasal spines (5b); embolus with mid-dorsal denticle (Figs 183, 199)............................................................................................ O. crypta

– Tibia I straight in lateral view, without such ventrobasal spines in proximal part of the tibia; embolus with dorsal subapical knob (Fig. 352)........................................................................... O. gigabulbus

6 – Proximal part of tibia I prolaterally enlarged (6a); clypeus height at most two times ALS diameter (Figs. 62, 301, 512); central group of setae on labium slightly flattened (6b, see also figs. 77, 316, 522)....................................... 7

– Proximal part of tibia I not enlarged; clypeus height more than two times ALS diameter (Figs. 381, 466); central group of setae on labium more strongly flattened (6c, see also figs. 395, 485)................................................. 9

7 – Color pattern of sternum with marginal band of tiny dark spots (7a); proximal part of tibia I without prolateral swelling (6a-8c)................................................................................................... 8

– Color pattern of sternum with marginal band and median area of radiating lines (7b); proximal part of tibia I with strong prolateral swelling provided with group of setae (7c).................................................. O. gibbotibialis

8 – Bulbus at least two times as wide as palpal femur (ratio BW/FW = 2.25); proximal part of palpal tibia virtually square (8a); carapace broadly oval (Fig. 57); proximal part of tibia I strongly enlarged (6a).......................... O. clavigera

– Bulbus less than two times as wide as palpal femur (ratio BW/FW = 1.82); proximal part of palpal tibia rounded (8b); carapace narrower (Fig. 514); proximal part of tibia I slightly enlarged (8c).................................. O. microfoliata

9 – Bulbus normal (Figs. 275, 385); chelicerae straight, without proximal swelling; eyes area knob like projection between PME (Figs. 272, 391); labium with medial flattened setae narrower and asymmetrical (6c)............................. 10

– Bulbus minute (9a); chelicerae slightly divergent, with proximal swelling (9c); eyes area provided with small drop-shaped projection between PME (9b, see also figs. 465, 479); labium with medial flattened setae broader and symmetrical (9d)............................................................................................... O. macrofoliata

10 – Anterior part of eye region with semicircular, beak-shaped projection (10a); eyes not clumped (ALE and PLE not touching PME) (Figs. 378, 391); tibia I straight; endites without serrula (Fig. 393)................................. O. kasuku

– Anterior part of eye region without projection; eye clumped (ALE and PLE touching PME) (Figs. 266, 272), endites with serrula (Fig. 281); tibia I bent outward (10b)......................................................... O. fractipes

11 – Bulbus oval or ovoid in lateral view (11a), with distal part leading to embolus tube shaped and inserted medially on the bulbus (11b); tibia I as long as carapace........................................................................ 12

– Bulbus inverted pear shaped in lateral view (11c), with distal part gradually tapered towards embolus (11d); tibia I shorter than carapace (ratio TL/CL ≈ 0.76-0.83)..................................................................... 14

12 – Clypeus unmodified (Figs. 225, 591); labium not spade-shaped and slightly sclerotized (Figs. 229, 245, 575, 594); anterior part of sternum not strongly sclerotized and unmodified (Fig. 229, 575); bulbus not modified (11a)...................... 13

– Clypeus provided with sclerotized plate (12a); labium spade-shaped and strongly sclerotized laterally (12b); anterior part of sternum strongly sclerotized, with pair of deep lateral pouches (12c); bulbus provided with dorsal knob-like outgrowth (12d).......................................................................................... O. lanceolata

13 – Carapace anteriorly narrowed to less than half its maximum width (Fig. 573); labium with distal part strongly narrowed (13a, see also figs. 575, 595); palpal tibia strongly enlarged (more than two times as wide as femur); bulbus ovoid; embolus broad, with two spinose extensions (13b)............................................................... O. saaristoi

– Carapace anteriorly narrowed to half its maximum width (Fig. 227); labium with distal part not strongly narrowed (Figs. 229, 245); palpal tibia slightly enlarged (less than two times as wide as femur); bulbus oval; embolus attenuated, with simple tip (13c)....................................................................................... O. fannesi

14 – Bulbus with conspicuous retrolateral swelling (14a); embolus complex, distally with small triangular extensions (14b)... 15

– Bulbus without retrolateral swelling; embolus tapered apically (14c)........................................... 16

15 – Endites with distal projection hook-shaped and pointing laterally (15a); embolus complex with translucent spatulate distal prong, ventrally with well developed triangular tooth (15b)........................................... O. intricata

– Endites with distal projection tapering anteriorly (15c); embolus less complex, distally with shallow, ventral groove, ending in small triangular tooth (15d)...................................................................... O. acaciae

16 – Bulbus width shorter than tibia length (16a); carapace anteriorly narrowed to half its maximum width or less (Fig. 206).. 17

– Bulbus width about as long as tibia length (16b); carapace anteriorly narrowed to more than half its maximum width (16c, see also fig. 38)................................................................................. O. ampulla

17 – Labium large and rounded, heart shaped (17a); endites convergent, with distal projection blunt and pointing medially (17b); serrula straight, with small denticles (17c, see also fig. 546); bulbus without prolateral clavate setae (Fig. 566)................................................................................................... O. probosciformis

– Labium narrower, rectangular (17d); endites almost parallel, with distal projection sharp and pointing anteriorly (17e); serrula sinuous, with strong denticles (17f, see also fig. 216); bulbus anteriorly with small prolateral clavate setae (Figs. 219, 220)............................................................................................. O. debakkeri