Laparoscopic Radical Hysterectomy Versus Open Radical Hysterectomy in Early Stages of Cervical Cancer

Cervical cancer as the leading cause of mortality of cancer in women is divided into two categories including "early stage" and advanced stage. Open radical hysterectomy with lymph node dissection has been introduced as the first choice of treatment for early stages of cervical cancer in women. However, this type of surgery is accompanied with some significant complications such as bladder dysfunction, blood loss, and transfusion-related complications which may in part be explained by its invasive procedure and lengthy duration of operation. On the other hand, laparoscopic surgery in cervical cancer has recently been established as a non-invasive procedure with fewer complications such as shorter hospital stay, better cosmetic, faster recovery, and fewer transfusion-related reactions due to lesser blood loss. Although, minimally invasive radical hysterectomy is associated with lower rate of intraoperative and postoperative complications in patients with early stages of cervical cancer, review of recent studies shows that this technique of surgery may decrease overall survival of these patients compared to open radical hysterectomy. However, further well-designed clinical tirals with longer follow-up periods will be required to determine the modality of choice for the treatment of patients with early stages of cervical cancer.