Key to species of genus Pholetesor from China

1. Metacarp at most 1.5× longer than its distance from apex of marginal cell; hind coxa mainly yellow; horizontal surface of T1 strongly shining, almost polished........................................................ P. pedias Nixon, 1973

- Metacarp much longer, about 4× longer than its distance from apex of marginal cell................................. 2

2. Anterior margin of postscutellum without a distinct emargination between its middle point and forward-pointing projection, phragma completely concealed or only slightly exposed....................................................... 3

- Anterior margin of postscutellum with a deep emargination between its middle point and forward-pointing projection, phragma freely exposed........................................................................................ 8

3. Ovipositor sheath strongly expanding towards apex and truncated in profile; apical part of T1 and T2 densely rugose all over............................................................................ P. viminetorum (Wesmael, 1837)

- Ovipositor sheath not truncated in profile................................................................... 4

4. T1 virtually parallel-sided; T2 rectangular rather than triangular; T1 and T2 strongly rugose all over................................................................................................. P. maritimus (Wilkinson, 1941)

- T1 distinctly narrowed posteriorly; T2 triangular or trapezoidal; T1 and T2 slightly uneven to weakly rugose............. 5

5. Scutellar sulcus more or less foveolate and broader........................................................... 6

- Scutellar sulcus remarkably narrow and without carinae in between.............................................. 7

6. T1-3 yellow; vein cu-a of hind wing straight; spines on outer side of hind tibia relatively sparser................................................................................................... P. flavigleba Liu & Chen, sp. n.

- T1-3 dark; vein cu-a of hind wing strongly curved; spines on outer side of hind tibia markedly denser.............................................................................................. P. spinadensus Liu & Chen, sp. n.

7. Apical third of hind tibia and hind tarsus distinctly blackish; penultimate antennomere 2× longer than wide; vein cu-a of hind

wing curved................................................................ P. taiwanensis Liu & Chen, sp. n. - Apical third of hind tibia and hind tarsus at most faintly fulvous; penultimate antennomere only 1.6× longer than wide; vein cu-a of hind wing straight and oblique inwards.................................... P. artusisulcus Liu & Chen, sp. n. 8. Apical part of T1 and T2 densely rugose all over............................................................. 9

- Apical part of T1 and T2 strongly shining, almost polished to weakly rugose...................................... 11

9. T2 subrectangular or very transverse, T1 narrowed posteriorly................................................. 10

- T2 nearly triangular; T1 not much narrowed posteriorly, nearly parallel-sided................... P. salalicus Mason, 1959

10. T2 very obviously transverse; rugosity on apical T1 very strong; T1 weakly narrowed posteriorly....................................................................................................... P. laetus (Marshall, 1885)

- T2 subrectangular; rugosity on apical T1 less strong; T1 remarkably narrowed posteriorly.......... P. arisba (Nixon, 1973)

11. T2 highly triangular, usually only 1.4-1.7× wider than long in the middle........................................ 12

- T2 subtriangular to very transverse, at least 2× wider than long in the middle..................................... 14

12. Ocelli on low triangle; T1 punctate-subrugulose all over.............................. P. acricauda Liu & Chen, sp. n.

- Ocelli on high triangle; T1 usually highly polished.......................................................... 13

13. Pterostigma relatively big, 2.4× as long as its widest part; ocelli small, distance between fore and a hind ocellus larger than diameter of hind ocellus; T1 slightly narrowing towards apex......................... P. lithocolletis Liu & Chen, sp. n.

- Pterostigma smaller, 2.8-3× as long as its widest part; ocelli relatively large, distance between fore and a hind ocellus as long as diameter of hind ocellus; T1 strongly narrowing towards apex.......................... P. circumscriptus (Nees, 1834)

14. Scutellar sulcus narrow with carinae in between; ovipositor sheath relatively long, almost as long as hind tibia; hind femur brown.............................................................................................. 15

- Scutellar sulcus without carina in between; ovipositor sheath relatively short, distinctly shorter than hind tibia; hind femur yel- low................................................................................................ 16

15. Ovipositor sheath remarkably thick; propodeum relatively long, less than twice as wide as long; 1st discal cell as wide as high......................................................................... P. argyresthiae Liu & Chen, sp. n.

- Ovipositor sheath thin; propodeum relatively short, at least 2× wider than long; 1st discal cell distinctly wider than high................................................................................. P. lyonetiae Liu & Chen, sp. n.

16. Body mostly dark, hind coxa brown; spurs of hind tibia of equal size, 2/5 length of basitarsus; punctures on disc of mesonotum relatively deep and distinct................................................... P. teresitergum Liu & Chen, sp. n.

- Body mostly yellow, hind coxa yellow; inner spur of hind tibia longer than outer spur, almost half length of basitarsus, outer spur almost 1/3; punctures on disc of mesonotum relatively shallow and weak.................................... 17

17. Suture between T2 and T3 distinct; vein r not shorter than 2-SR; T2 triangular; vein cu-a of hind wing strongly curved................................................................................ P. flaviparvus Liu & Chen, sp. n.

- Suture between T2 and T3 weak; vein r distinctly shorter than 2-SR; T2 trapezoidal; vein cu-a of hind wing straight and per- pendicular to vein 1-1A......................................................... P. confusus Liu & Chen, sp. n.