Published May 28, 2021 | Version v1
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FIGURE 1 in Segmented worms (Phylum Annelida): a celebration of twenty years of progress through Zootaxa and call for action on the taxonomic work that remains

  • 1. Institute of Biology, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, 40170-115, Bahia, Brazil.
  • 2. Australian Museum Research Institute, Australian Museum, Sydney, NSW. Australia. & Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW 2019, Australia.
  • 3. Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tercer circuito s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico.
  • 4. Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Taxonomy and Phylogeny, 29 rue Vautier, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium. patrick.martin@naturalsciences.be; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6033-8412
  • 5. IfAB Institute for Applied Soil Biology, Hamburg, Germany.
  • 6. Illinois Natural History Survey, Prairie Research Institute at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Forbes Natural History Building, MC-652, 1816 S. Oak Street, Champaign, Illinois 61820 USA.
  • 7. Department of Marine Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
  • 8. Aquatic Research & Consulting, Duxbury, Massachusetts 02332 USA.
  • 9. Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Brazil.

Description

FIGURE 1. Schematic representation of main branchings in the phylogeny of the Annelida, showing relationships of major subgroups. Traditional Polychaeta are all Annelida minus Clitellata, and traditional Oligochaeta are all Clitellata minus Hirudinea. Families per higher-level sub-taxon are listed in alphabetical order. In "oligochaetes" the upper group represents basal taxa, mostly aquatic, the lower group represents the Crassiclitellata (true earthworms); the middle group (3 families) includes earthworm-like worms; together with Crassiclitellata it forms the Metagynophora Jamieson, 1988. Acanthodrilidae here include Benhamiidae and Octochaetidae. Phylogeny based on Weigert & Bleidorn (2016), Struck (2019) and Erséus et al. (2020), for further phylogenetic resolution of families see these references. Taxa noted with vertical text and with dashed lines indicate paraphyletic groups (sedentariate polychaetes, oligochaetes). Taxa denoted with a dashed line and question mark are considered Annelida incertae sedis and are currently debated in terms of their phylogenetic position (see discussion in Struck et al. 2019; Capa & Hutchings 2021); some additional aberrant taxa (Lophotrochozoa incertae sedis) are not included. Data on numbers of species primarily derived from Pamungkas et al. (2019), Read & Fauchald (2021), WoRMS Editorial Board (2021), Handbook of Zoology, Annelida (Purschke et al. 2019a, b; 2021) and DriloBASE (2021).

Notes

Published as part of Magalhães, Wagner F., Hutchings, Pat, Oceguera-Figueroa, Alejandro, Martin, Patrick, Schmelz, Rüdiger M., Wetzel, Mark J., Wiklund, Helena, Maciolek, Nancy J., Kawauchi, Gisele Y. & Williams, Jason D., 2021, Segmented worms (Phylum Annelida): a celebration of twenty years of progress through Zootaxa and call for action on the taxonomic work that remains, pp. 190-211 in Zootaxa 4979 (1) on page 193, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4979.1.18, http://zenodo.org/record/4929196

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Journal article: 10.11646/zootaxa.4979.1.18 (DOI)
Journal article: urn:lsid:plazi.org:pub:B24357606F30E65FFF95FF8CA177FFD9 (LSID)
Journal article: https://zenodo.org/record/4929196 (URL)