FIGURE 23 in Molecular systematics of terraranas (Anura: Brachycephaloidea) with an assessment of the effects of alignment and optimality criteria

FIGURE 23. Topologies resulting from parsimony and maximum likelihood reanalyses of the 17-gene similarity-alignment of Heinicke et al. (2009). (A) The most parsimonious tree (length = 24517) reported by Heinicke et al. (2009) in which Ceuthomantis is sister to all other terraranas. (B) A shorter tree (length = 24468) found using the same software and parameters as Heinicke et al. (2009) showing Ceuthomantis to be deeply nested among terraranas as sister to Ischnocnema. (C) The most parsimonious tree found using TNT (length = 24447), which continues to show Ceuthomantis in the same position deep inside Brachycephaloidea. (D) The maximum likelihood tree found using GARLI (log likelihood = -121122.778), which fully agrees with the maximum likelihood results of Heinicke et al. (2009).