Dasyatis chrysonota
Description
Dasyatis chrysonota (Smith, 1828)
Blue Stingray
Trygon chrysonota Smith [A.], 1828: 2. Neotype: SAM 31697 (designated by Cowley & Compagno, 1993: 145). Type locality: Off Gamtoos River, Eastern Cape, South Africa, Western Indian Ocean.
Local synonymy: Trygon chrysonota: Smith [A.], 1828: 2. Trygon pastinaca: Bleeker, 1860b: 58; G̹nther, 1870: 478; Gilchrist, 1902: 168; Norman, 1922: 320. Dasyatis pastinaca: Thompson, 1914: 162. Dasybatus pastinaca: von Bonde & Swart, 1923: 16; Barnard, 1925: 77, fig. 8, pl. 4; von Bonde, 1932: 32; Barnard, 1959: 27, fig. 3, pl. 4. Dasyatis pastinacus: Fowler, 1941: 420; Smith, 1949a: 70, pl. 4; Smith, 1961a: 70, pl. 4; Smith, 1965: 70, pl. 4; Wallace, 1967c: 34, figs. 16–17; Compagno & Heemstra, 1984: 4; Compagno, 1986: 137, fig. 30.3, pl. 6. Dasyatis marmorata: Compagno et al., 1989: 102, pl. Dasyatis chrysonota: Cowley & Compagno, 1993: 145, fig. 1 (Neotype); Compagno, 1999: 117; Heemstra & Heemstra, 2004: 82; Mann, 2013: 53; NPOA, 2013: 60; da Silva et al., 2015: 246; Ebert & van Hees, 2015: 147; Last et al., 2016h: 355; Last et al., 2016i: 537, fig. 25.8; Weigmann, 2016: 965.
South Africa voucher material: SAIAB 7192, SAIAB 7845, SAIAB 7865, SAIAB 8272, SAIAB 12110, SAIAB 12830, SAIAB 12845, SAIAB 19860, SAIAB 19900, SAIAB 31825, SAIAB 31826, SAIAB 41546, SAIAB 44321, SAIAB 44348, SAIAB 44349, SAIAB 54206, SAIAB 67752.
South African distribution: Along the entire coast from the Orange River (NC) to the northern KZN border with Mozambique.
Remarks: The taxonomic status of this species was usually referred to as D. pastinaca until the issue was examined by Cowley & Compagno (1993) who found that Andrew Smith (1828) had described it in the same article he also described the Whale Shark (Rhincodon typus). Cowley & Compagno (1993) provide a detailed discussion of the taxonomic history of this species.
Conservation status: NT (2020).
Notes
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Linked records
Additional details
Identifiers
Biodiversity
- Scientific name authorship
- Smith
- Kingdom
- Animalia
- Phylum
- Chordata
- Order
- Myliobatiformes
- Family
- Dasyatidae
- Genus
- Dasyatis
- Species
- chrysonota
- Taxon rank
- species
- Taxonomic concept label
- Dasyatis chrysonota (Smith, 1828) sec. Ebert, Wintner & Kyne, 2021
References
- Smith, A. (1828) Descriptions of new, or imperfectly known objects of the animal kingdom, found in the south of Africa. South African Commercial Advertiser, 145, 2.
- Cowley, P. D. & Compagno, L. J. V. (1993) A taxonomic re-evaluation of the blue stingray from southern Africa (Myliobatiformes: Dasyatidae). South African Journal of Marine Science, 13, 135 - 149. https: // doi. org / 10.2989 / 025776193784287437
- Bleeker, P. (1860 b) Zesde bijdrage tot de kennis der vischfauna van Japan. Acta Societatis Regiae Scientiarum Indo-Neerlandicae, 8 (1), 1 - 104. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 144153
- Gilchrist, J. D. F. (1902) Catalogue of fishes recorded from South Africa. Cape of Good Hope, Department of Agriculture, Marine Investigations in South Africa, 1, 97 - 179.
- Norman, J. R. (1922) Three new fishes from Zululand and Natal, collected by Mr H. W. Bell Marley; with additions to the fish fauna of Natal. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 9 (52), 318 - 322. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222932208632681
- Thompson, W. W. (1914) Catalogue of the fishes of the Cape Province (Pt 1). Marine Biological Report, Cape Town, 2 (8), 132 - 167.
- von Bonde, C. & Swart, D. B. (1923) The Platosomia (skates and rays) collected by the S. S. " Pickle ". University of South Africa, Fisheries and Marine Biological Survey Report, 3 (5), 1 - 22.
- Barnard, K. H. (1925) A monograph of the marine fishes of South Africa. Part I (Amphioxus, Cyclostomata, Elasmobranchii, and Teleostei-Isospondyli to Heterosomata). Annals of the South African Museum, 21, 1 - 418.
- von Bonde, C. (1932) Report no. 9 for the year ending December, 1931. Report of Fisheries and Marine Biological Survey for 1931, including lists of fishes, etc., lists of stations of the R. S. Africana, and salinity results obtained during 1931. Union of South Africa, Fisheries and Marine Biological Survey, Report, 9, 1932, 4 - 128.
- Barnard, K. H. (1959) A Pictorial Guide to South African Fishes. Marine and Freshwater. Maskew Miller Ltd, Cape Town, 226 pp.
- Fowler, H. W. (1941) The fishes of the groups Elasmobranchii, Holocephali, Isospondyli, and Ostarophysi obtained by the U. S. Bureau of Fisheries streamer " Albatross " in 1907 to 1910, chiefly in the Philippine Islands and adjacent seas. Bulletin United States National Museum, 100, 1 - 879.
- Smith, J. L. B. (1949 a) The Sea Fishes of Southern Africa. South Africa Central News Agency Ltd., 550 pp.
- Smith, J. L. B. (1961 a) The Sea Fishes of Southern Africa. 4 th Edition. Central News Agency Ltd., Cape Town, 580 pp.
- Smith, J. L. B. (1965) The Sea Fishes of Southern Africa. 5 th Edition. Central News Agency Ltd., 580 pp.
- Wallace, J. H. (1967 c) The batoid fishes of the east coast of southern Africa. Part II: manta, eagle, duckbill, cownose, butterfly and sting rays. Investigational Report. Oceanographic Research Institute, Durban, 16, 1 - 56.
- Compagno, L. J. V. & Heemstra, P. C. (1984) Himantura draco, a new species of stingray (Myliobatiformes: Dasyatidae) from South Africa, with a key to the Dasyatidae and the first record of Dasyatis kuhlii (M ʾ ller & Henle, 1841) from southern Africa. J. L. B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology Special Publication, 33, 1 - 17.
- Compagno, L. J. V. (1986) Families Pristidae, Narkidae, Rhinobatidae, Myliobatidae, Mobulidae, Dasyatidae, Chimaeridae, Rhinochimaeridae, Callorhinchidae. In: Smith, M. M. & Heemstra, P. C. (Eds.), Smith's Sea Fishes. Macmillan, Johannesburg, pp. 110 - 142, 144 - 147.
- Compagno, L. J. V., Ebert, D. A. & Smale, M. J. (1989) Guide to the Sharks and Rays of Southern Africa. Struik Publishers, Cape Town, 158 pp.
- Compagno, L. J. V. (1999) An overview of chondrichthyan systematics and biodiversity in southern Africa. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa, 54, 75 - 120. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00359199909520406
- Heemstra, P. C. & Heemstra, E. (2004) Coastal Fishes of Southern Africa. National Inquiry Service Centre and South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, Grahamstown, 488 pp.
- Mann, B. Q. (2013) Southern African marine linefish species profiles. Oceanographic Research Institute, Special Publication, 9, 1 - 343.
- NPOA. (2013) National Plan of Action for the Conservation and Management of Sharks (NPOA-Sharks). Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (DAFF), Rogge Bay, Cape Town, 63 pp.
- da Silva C., Booth, A. J., Dudley, S. F. J., Kerwath, S. E., Lamberth, S. J., Leslie, R. W., McCord, M. E., Sauer, W. H. H. & Zweig, T. (2015) A description and updated overview of the status and management of South Africa's chondrichthyan fisheries. South African Journal of Marine Science, 37, 233 - 248. https: // doi. org / 10.2989 / 1814232 X. 2015.1044471
- Ebert, D. A. & van Hees, K. E. (2015) Beyond jaws: rediscovering the " Lost Sharks " of southern Africa. African Journal of Marine Science, 37, 141 - 156. https: // doi. org / 10.2989 / 1814232 X. 2015.1048730
- Last, P. R., Naylor, G. J. P. & Manjaji-Matsumoto, B. M. (2016 h) A revised classification of the family Dasyatidae (Chondrichthyes: Myliobatiformes) based on new morphological and molecular insights. Zootaxa, 4139 (3), 345 - 368. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4139.3.2
- Last, P. R., Manjaji-Matsumoto, B. M., Naylor, G. J. P. & White, W. T. (2016 i) Stingrays. Family Dasyatidae. In: Last, P. R., White, W. T., de Carvalho, M. E., Seret, B., Stehmann, M. F. W. & Naylor, G. J. P. (Eds.), Rays of the World. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York, pp. 522 - 618. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / 9780643109148
- Weigmann, S. (2016) Annotated checklist of the living sharks, batoids and chimaeras (Chondrichthyes) of the world, with a focus on biogeographical diversity. Journal of Fish Biology, 88, 837 - 1037. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / jfb. 12874