Biodiversity Literature Repository

Submit to community
Liberated Data
Published December 31, 2010 | Version v1
Journal article Open

Anatomy of Haplomastodon chimborazi (Mammalia, Proboscidea) from the late Pleistocene of Ecuador and its bearing on the phylogeny and systematics of South American gomphotheres

Authors/Creators

Description

Ferretti, Marco P. (2010): Anatomy of Haplomastodon chimborazi (Mammalia, Proboscidea) from the late Pleistocene of Ecuador and its bearing on the phylogeny and systematics of South American gomphotheres. Geodiversitas 32 (4): 663-721, DOI: 10.5252/g2010n4a3, URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.5252/g2010n4a3

Files

source.pdf

Files (2.8 MB)

Name Size Download all
md5:14b434e4ec20d2a5b1cb3a3db26a4064
2.8 MB Preview Download

Linked records

Additional details

Identifiers

LSID
urn:lsid:plazi.org:pub:FFB4FFE4EC20FFA5FFCB3A3DB26A4064
URL
http://publication.plazi.org/id/FFB4FFE4EC20FFA5FFCB3A3DB26A4064

Has part
Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.4688485 (DOI)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D879CEC27FFA2FD1C3F10B1DD4586 (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D879CEC27FF88FD083C17B33743C8 (URL)
Figure: 10.5281/zenodo.4688557 (DOI)
Figure: 10.5281/zenodo.4688559 (DOI)
Figure: 10.5281/zenodo.4688561 (DOI)
Figure: 10.5281/zenodo.4688563 (DOI)
Figure: 10.5281/zenodo.4688565 (DOI)
Figure: 10.5281/zenodo.4688567 (DOI)
Figure: 10.5281/zenodo.4688569 (DOI)
Figure: 10.5281/zenodo.4688571 (DOI)
Figure: 10.5281/zenodo.4688573 (DOI)
Figure: 10.5281/zenodo.4688575 (DOI)
Figure: 10.5281/zenodo.4688577 (DOI)
Figure: 10.5281/zenodo.4688579 (DOI)
Figure: 10.5281/zenodo.4688581 (DOI)
Figure: 10.5281/zenodo.4688583 (DOI)
Figure: 10.5281/zenodo.4688586 (DOI)
Figure: 10.5281/zenodo.4688588 (DOI)
Figure: 10.5281/zenodo.4688590 (DOI)
Figure: 10.5281/zenodo.4688592 (DOI)
Figure: 10.5281/zenodo.4688594 (DOI)
Figure: 10.5281/zenodo.4688596 (DOI)
Figure: 10.5281/zenodo.4688598 (DOI)

References

  • ALBERDI M. T. & PRADO J. L. 1995. - Los mastodontes de America del Sur, in ALBERDI M. T., LEONE G. & TONNI E. P. (eds), Evolucion biologica y climatica de la Region Pampeana durante los ultimos 5 miliones des anos. Un ensayo de correlacion con el Mediterraneo occidental. Monografias de Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales y Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Madrid 12: 277-292.
  • ALBERDI M.T., PRADO J. L.& SALAS R. 2004. - The Pleistocene gomphotheres (Gomphotheriidae, Proboscidea) from Peru.Neues Jahrbuch fur Geologie und Palaontologie Abhandlungen 231: 423-452.
  • ANONYMOUS 1903. - Le Mastodonte du Chimborazo. Cosmos Paris, n.s., 48/936: 6-9.
  • ARAUZ J. 1950. - Nueva historia de los Mastodontes ecuatorianos. Boletin de Informaciones Cientificas Nacional 3 (26-27): 419-425.
  • AVERIANOV A. O. 1996. - Sexual dimorphism in mammoth skull, teeth, and long bones, in SHOSHANI J. & TASSY P. (eds), The Proboscidea. Evolution and Palaeoecology of Elephants and their Relatives. Oxford University Press, Oxford: 260-267.
  • BARBOUR E. H. 1914. - Mammalian fossils from Devil's Gulch. Nebraska Geological Survey 4: 177-190.
  • BARBOUR E.H. & STERNBERG G. 1935 - Gnathabelodon thorpei, gen. et sp. nov. A new mud-grubbing mastodont. Bulletin of the Nebraska State Museum 1: 395-404.
  • BEDEN M. 1979. - Les elephants (Elephas et Loxodonta) d'Afrique orientale : systematique, phylogenie, interet biochronologique. PhD Th esis, Universite de Poitiers, 567 p. (unpublished).
  • BELL R. H., SWIGART L. L. & ANSON B. J. 1950. - The relation of the vertebral artery to the cervical vertebrae. Based on a study of 200 specimens. Quarterly Bullettin of the Northwestern University Medical School 24: 184-185.
  • BOULE M. & THEVENIN A. 1920. - Mammiferes fossiles de Tarija. Imprimerie nationale, Mission scientifique G. de Crequi-Monfort et F. Senechal de la Grange, Paris, 256 p.
  • CABRERA A. 1929. - Una revision de los mastodontes argentinos. Revista del Museo de La Plata 32: 61-144.
  • CAMPBELL K. E. JR, FRAILY C. D. & ROMERO- PITTMAN L. 2000. - Th e late Miocene Gomphothere Amahuacatherium peruvium (Proboscidea: Gomphotheriidae) from Amazonian Peru: implications for the Great American Faunal Interchange. Boletin de Estudios Regionales IGEMMET, Serie D, 23: 1-152.
  • CAMPBELL K. E. JR, FRAILEY C. D. & ROMERO- PITTMAN L. (2009). - In defense of Amahuacatherium (Proboscidea: Gomphotheriidae). Neues Jahrbuch fur Geologie und Palaontologie Abhandlungen 252 (1): 113-128.
  • CASAMIGUELA R. M., SHOSHANI J. & DILLEHAY T. D. 1996. - South American proboscideans:general introduction and reflections on Pleistocene extinctions, in SHOSHANI J. & TASSY P. (eds), The Proboscidea. Evolution and Palaeoecology of Elephants and their Relatives. Oxford University Press, Oxford: 316-320.
  • COLTORTI M., FICCARELLI G., JAHREN H., ROOK L. & TORRE D. 1998. - Th e last occurrence of Pleistocene megafauna in the Ecuadorian Andes. Journal of South American Earth Sciences 11 (6): 581-586.
  • COSTALES SAMANIEGO A.1950. - Masthodon Chimborazi Proano. Boletin de Informaciones Cientificas Nacional 3 (35): 372-375.
  • DERANIYAGALA P. E. P. 1955. - Some Extinct Elephants, their Relatives and the Two Living Species. Ceylon National Museum Publication, Colombo, 161 p.
  • EALES N.B. 1928. - Th e anatomy of a foetal African elephant (Loxodonta africana). Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 56: 206-246.
  • FERRETTI M. P. 1998. - Gli Elefanti del Plio-Pleistocene dell'Italia. Doctoral thesis, Modena, Bologna, Firenze, and Roma associated Universities, 272 p. (unpublished).
  • FERRETTI M. P. 2008a. - A review of South American gomphotheres. New Mexico Natural History and Science Museum Bulletin 44: 381-391.
  • FERRETTI M. P. 2008b. - Enamel structure of Cuvieronius hyodon (Proboscidea, Gomphotheriidae) with a discussion on enamel evolution in elephantoids.Journal of Mammalian Evolution 15 (1): 37-58.
  • FERRETTI M. P. 2009. - Comment on the proposed conservation of usage of Mastodon waringi Holland, 1920 (currently Haplomastodon waringi; Mammalia, Proboscidea) by designation of a neotype. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 66 (2): 358-359.
  • FERRETTI M. P. & CROITOR R. 2001. - Functional morphology and ecology of Villafranchian Proboscideans from Central Italy, in CAVARETTA G., GIOIA P., MUSSI M. & PALOMBO M. R. (eds), The World of Elephants - Proceedings of the 1st International Congress, Rome, 16-20 October, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Roma: 103-108.
  • FICCARELLI G., AZZAROLI A., BORSELLI V., COLTORTI M., DRAMIS F., FEJFAR O., HIRTZ A. & TORRE D. 1992. - Stratigraphy and Paleontology of Upper Pleistocene deposits in the Interandean Depression, northern Ecuador. Journal of South American Earth Sciences 6 (3): 145-150.
  • FICCARELLI G., BORSELLI V., MORENO ESPINOSA M. & TORRE D. 1993. - New Haplomastodon finds from the Late Pleistocene of Northern Ecuador. Geobios 26 (2): 231-240.
  • FICCARELLI G., BORSELLI V., MORENO ESPINOSA M. & TORRE D. 1995. - Taxonomic remarks on the South American mastodonts referred to Haplomastodon and Cuvieronius. Geobios 28 (6): 745-756.
  • FICCARELLI G., AZZAROLI A., BERTINI A., COLTORTI M., MAZZA P., MEZZABOTTA C., MORENO ESPINOSA M., ROOK L. & TORRE D. 1997. - Hypothesis on the cause of extinction of the south American Mastodonts. Journal of South American Earth Sciences 10 (1): 29-38.
  • FICCARELLI G., COLTORTI M., MORENO ESPINOSA M., PIERUCCINI P., ROOK L. & TORRE D. 2003. - A model for the Holocene extinction of the mammal megafauna in Ecuador, South America. Journal of South American Earth Sciences 15: 835-845.
  • FRICK C. 1926. -Tooth sequence in certain trilophodont tetrabelodont mastodonts. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 56: 122-176.
  • GOHLICH U. B. 2000. - On a pelvis of the straight-tusked elephant Elephas antiquus (Proboscidea, Mammalia) from Binsfeld near Speyer (Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany). Palaontologisches Zeitschriftes 74: 205-214.
  • HARINGTON C. R., TIPPER H. W. & MOTT R. J. 1974. - Mammoth from Babine Lake, British Columbia. Canadian Journal of Earth Science 11: 285-303.
  • HAYNES G. 1991. - Mammoth Mastodonts & Elephants, Biology Behavior and the Fossil Record. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 413 p.
  • HOFFSTETTER R. 1950. - Observaciones sobre los mastodontes de Sud America y especialmente del Ecuador.Haplomastodon, subgen. nov. de Stegomastodon. Publicaciones de la Escuela Politecnica Nacional de Quito, 1950, 1: 1-49.
  • HOFFSTETTER R. 1952. - Les Mammiferes pleistocenes de la Republique de l'Equateur. Memoires de la Societe geologique de France 66: 1-391.
  • HOFFSTETTER R. 1955. - Remarques sur la classification et la phylogenie des mastodontes sud-americains. Bulletin du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, 2e ser., 27 (6): 484-491.
  • HOFFSTETTER R. 1986. - High Andean mammalian faunas during the Plio-Pleistocene, in VUILLEUMIER F. & MONASTEIRO M. (eds), High Altitude Tropical Biogeography. Oxford University Press, New York: 218-245.
  • HOLLAND W. J. 1920. - Fossil mammal collected at Pedra Vernelha, Bahia, Brazil, by G. A. Waring. Annals of the Carnegie Museum 13: 224-232.
  • ICZN 1999. - International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London, 436 p.
  • KROLL W. 1991. - Der Waldelefant von Crumstadt. Ein Beitrag zur Osteologie des Waldelefanten, E. (Palaeoloxodon) antiquus Falconer & Cautley (1847). Inaugural-Dissertation zur Erlangung der tiermedizinischen Doktorwurde der Tierarztlichen Fakultat der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen, 31 p.
  • LAMBERT W. D. & SHOSHANI H. 1998. - Chapter 43. Proboscidea in JANIS C. M., SCOTT K. M. & JACOBS L. L. (eds), Evolution of Tertiary Mammals of North America. Volume 1. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge: 606-621.
  • LAUB R. S. 1996. - Th e masticatory apparatus of the American mastodon (Mammut americanum), in STEWART K. M. & SEYMOUR K. L. (eds), Palaeoecology and Palaeoenvironments of Late Cenozoic Mammals - Tributes to the Career of C.S. (Rufus) Churcher. University of Toronto Press, Toronto: 375-405.
  • LISTER A. 1996. - Sexual dimorphism in the mammoth pelvis: an aid to gender determination, in SHOSHANI J. & TASSY P. (eds), The Proboscidea. Evolution and Palaeoecology of Elephants and their Relatives. Oxford University Press, Oxford: 203-213.
  • LISTER A. & AGENBROAD L. D. 1994. - Gender determination of the Hot Spring mammoths, in AGEN- BROAD L. D. & MEAD J. I. (eds), The Hot Spring Mammoth Site. Mammoth Site Inc., Hot Spring, South Dakota: 208-214.
  • LUCAS S. G. 2009. - Taxonomic nomenclature of Cu- vieronius and Haplomastodon, proboscideans from the Plio-Pleistocene of the NewWorld. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 44: 409-415.
  • LUCAS S. G. 2009. - Mastodon waringi Holland, 1920 (currently Haplomastodon waringi; Mammalia, Proboscidea): proposed conservation of usage by designation of a neotype. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 66 (2): 164-167.
  • MADDEN C. T. 1984. - Th e Proboscidea of South America.Geological Society of America, abstracts with programs 12: 474.
  • MILLER W. 1990. - A Rhynchotherium skull and mandible from southeastern Arizona. Brigham Young University Geology Studies 36: 57-67.
  • OLSEN S. J. 1979. - Osteology for the Archaeologist. N.3: Th e american mastodon and the woolly mammoth. Papers of the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, Harvard University 56 (3): 1-45.
  • OSBORN H. F. 1936. - Proboscidea. Volume 1. Americam Museum of Natural History, New-York, 802 p.
  • PRADO J. L. & ALBERDI M. T. 2008. - A cladistic analysis among trilophodont gomphotheres (Mammalia, Proboscidea) with special attention to the South American genera. Paleontology 51 (4): 903-915.
  • PRADO J. L., ALBERDI M. T., AZANZA B., SANCHEZ B. & FRASSINETTI D. 2005. - Th e Pleistocene Gomphotheriidae (Proboscidea) from South America. Quaternary International 126-128C: 21-30.
  • PROANO J. F. 1894. - Mastodonte del Chimborazo. Memorias del Liceo Chimborazo, 1894, Riobamba, Ecuador: 31.
  • PROANO J. F. 1922. - La Virgen del Dios Chimborazo, Tradiciones Puruhaes. Imprenta "El Observador", Riobamba, Ecuador, 23 p.
  • ROTH V. L. 1990. - Insular dwarf elephants: a case study in body mass estimation and ecological inference, in DAMUTH J. & MACFADDEN B. J. (eds), Body size in Mammalian Palaeobiology: Estimation and Biological Implications. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge: 151-179.
  • ROTH V. L. 1994. - How elephants grow: Heterochrony and the calibration of developmental stages in some living and fossil species. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 4: 126-145.
  • SAUER W.1965. - Geologia del Ecuador. Editorial del Ministerio de Educacion del Ecuador, Quito, 383 p.
  • SAVAGE D. 1955. - A survey of various late Cenozoic faunas of the Panhandle of Texas. Part 2: Proboscidea. University of California Publication in Geological Sciences 31: 51-74.
  • SHOSHANI J. 1996. - Para- or monophyly of the gomphotheres and their position within Proboscidea, in SHOSHANI J. & TASSY P. (eds), The Proboscidea. Evolution and Palaeoecology of Elephants and their Relatives. Oxford University Press, Oxford: 149-177.
  • SHOSHANI J. & TASSY P. 2005. - Advances in proboscideans taxonomy and classification, anatomy and physiology, and ecology and behavior. Quaternary International 126-128: 5-20.
  • SIKES S. K. 1966. - Th e african elephant, Loxodonta africana: a field method for the extimation of age. Journal of Zoology 150: 279-295.
  • SIMPSON G. G. & DE PAULA COUTO C. 1957. - The mastodons of Brazil. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 112: 131-189.
  • SPILLMANN F. 1928. - Tetrabelodon nov. spec. ayora Spillm. El Ecuador Comercial 6 (57): 1-70.
  • SPILLMANN F. 1931. - Die Saugetiere Ecuadors im Wandel der Zeit. Quito Universitad Central, 122 p.
  • SWOFFORD D. L. 2003. - PAUP * Phylogenetic Analysis Using Parsimony (* and Other Methods). Version 4. Sinauer Associates: Sunderland, Massachusetts.
  • TASSY P. 1977. - Le plus ancien squelette de gomphothere (Proboscidea Mammalia) dans la formation burdigalienne des sables de l'Orleanais, France. Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Serie C, Sciences de la Terre 37: 3-51.
  • TASSY P. 1985. - La place des mastodontes miocenes de l'ancien Monde dans la phylogenie des Proboscidea (Mammalia): hypotheses et conjectures. Th ese de Doctorat, Universite Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, 862 p. (unpublished).
  • TASSY P. 1990. - Phylogenie et classification des Proboscidea (Mammalia) : historique et actualite. Annales de Paleontologie (Vertebrates-Invertebrates) 76 (3): 159-224.
  • TASSY P. 1996a. - Dental homologies and nomenclature in the Proboscidea, in SHOSHANI J. & TASSY P. (eds), The Proboscidea. Evolution and Palaeoecology of Elephants and their Relatives. Oxford University Press, Oxford: 21-25.
  • TASSY P. 1996b. - Growth and sexual dimorphism among Miocene elephantoids: the example of Gomphotherium angustidens, in SHOSHANI J. & TASSY P. (eds), The Proboscidea. Evolution and Palaeoecology of Elephants and their Relatives. Oxford University Press, Oxford: 92-100.
  • TEILHARD DE CHARDIN P.&TRASSAERT M. 1937. - The Proboscideans of south-eastern Shansi. Palaeontologia Sinica, Series C, 13: 1-58.
  • TOBIEN H. 1973. - On the evolution of mastodonts (Proboscidea, Mammalia). Prt 1: The bunodont trilophodont Groups. Notizblatt des Hessischen Landesamtes fur Bodenforschung zu Wiesbaden 101: 202-208.
  • TOBIEN H., CHEN G. & LI Y. 1986. - Mastodonts (Proboscidea, Mammalia) from the late Neogene and early Pleistocene of the People's Republic of China. Mainzer Geowissenschaftliches Mitteilungen 15: 119-181.
  • WEBB S. D. 1992. - A brief history of New World Proboscidea with emphasis on their adaptations and interactions with man, in FOX J. W., SMITH C. B. & WILKINS K. T. (eds), Proboscidean and Paleoindian Interactions. Baylor University Press, Waco, Texas: 16-34.
  • WEITHOFER K. A. 1889. - Einige Bemerkungen uber den Carpus der Proboscidier. Gegenbaurs Morphologisches Jahrbuch 14: 507-517.
  • ZONG G., TANG Y., LEI Y.&LI S. 1989. - The Hanjiang mastodont (Sinomastodon hanjiangensis nov. sp.). Academic Press, Beijing (in Chinese with English abstract), 84 p.