Novel Process to Convert Wet and Dry Organic Feedstocks into 2nd Generation Biofuels: A Scientific Review of the Heat-to-Fuel Project

Heat-to-Fuel is a 48-month research and innovation project, funded under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 (EU H2020) Framework Program, which the main objective is to deliver the next generation of biofuel production technologies supporting the decarbonization of the transportation sector by integrating its novel technologies together with innovative activities on design, modeling, development of hardware and processes, testing and life cycle analysis of a fully integrated system. The Heat-to-Fuel concept consists of a biorefinery that combines hydrothermal liquefaction, aqueous phase reforming and Fischer–Tropsch processes to convert wet and solid organic wastes into 2nd generation biofuels with the highest efficiency. Having reached almost 75% of the Heat-to-Fuel project’s execution, a review on the main research outcomes and publications derived from the Heat-to-Fuel project activities are presented within this paper.