Published November 30, 2020 | Version v1
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Functional activity of blood neutrophiles in acute inflammatory diseases of the abdominal organs and abdominal tuberculosis

Creators

  • 1. Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University

Description

The diagnosis of various pathomorphological forms of acute appendicitis (AA), acute mesadenitis (AM), and abdominal tuberculosis (AT) remains an urgent problem in medicine. Neutrophilic granulocytes are the first link in the nonspecific immune response to inflammation, which is mediated by phagocytosis and intracellular bactericidal systems. Therefore, the research aimed to establish the features of the functional state of neutrophilic granulocytes in the blood of patients with AA, AM, and AT.

Materials and methods. 30 practically healthy, 27 patients with AM, 40 patients with acute phlegmonous appendicitis were examined; 20 patients with acute gangrenous appendicitis, 30 patients with AT. The phagocytic activity of neutrophils in the test with latex granules, redox activity (spontaneous HCT test), cationic lysosomal proteins in the cytochemical test with bromine phenol blue was determined in the blood.

Results. Phagocytic activity of neutrophils in patients with destructive forms of AA and AT was lower, and in the group of patients with AM – did not differ from control values. The phagocytic index of neutrophils in patients with destructive forms of AA was 1.5 times lower (p<0.05), and the phagocytic number in patients with gangrenous AA was 1.7 times lower than in healthy individuals (p<0.05). In patients with AM, the percentage of HCT-positive neutrophils was 1.3 times higher, in patients with destructive forms of AA and AT – 2 times higher than in healthy groups (p<0.05). The number of neutrophils containing cationic lysosomal proteins was also higher in destructive forms of AA, and in AM and AT - did not differ from the value in the control group.

Conclusions. It has been established that peripheral blood neutrophils in conditions of acute destructive inflammation and abdominal tuberculosis have reduced absorption capacity with simultaneous significant activation of redox processes. Cytochemical tests to detect the phagocytic and metabolic activity of blood neutrophils are available and highly informative for the diagnosis and prediction of inflammation, as well as for the differential diagnosis of bacterial and viral diseases

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