Xyleborus affinis Eichhoff
Creators
- 1. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9697 - 3787
- 2. URZF- Zoologie Forestière, INRAE, 2163 Avenue de la Pomme de Pin, 45075, Orléans, France.
- 3. Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padua, Viale dell'Università, 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy.
- 4. Department of Biology, University of Bergen, P. O. Box 7803, N- 5006 Bergen, Norway.
- 5. ANSES, Laboratoire de la Santé des Végétaux, 755 avenue du Campus Agropolis, CS 30016, 34988 Montferrier-sur-Lez cedex, France.
- 6. Pôle Sud-Est de la Santé des Forêts, DRAAF SRAL PACA, BP 95, 84141 Montfavet cedex, France. jean-baptiste. daubree @ agriculture. gouv. fr; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 5383 - 3984
- 7. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9248 - 9012
Description
- Xyleborus affinis Eichhoff
(Figs. 2A, 2B)
Distribution. The pantropical distribution of X. affinis reflects a combination of ancient and recent inter- and intracontinental dispersal events (Gohli et al. 2016). It is one of the most common and widespread species of Scolytinae. Reported for the first time in Europe in 1950 in Belgium, it was later detected in Switzerland and Germany in 1955 and in Italy in 1966 (Cola 1971, 1973; Merkl & Tusnádi 1992). It was then detected in imported ornamental plants in Hungary in 1990 (Merkl & Tusnadi 1992) and Italy in 1992 (Carrai 1992). Finally, in 2006, it was found in natural environments in Austria (Holzer 2007). Although individuals of this species were caught in 2016 in the French port area of La Rochelle, no data suggests that this species may be established in France since no insects were trapped near the port by similarly-baited traps.
New records: CHARENTE-MARITIME – La Rochelle, port area, interception trap baited with ethanol 100%, (-) α-pinene, and a pheromone blend for longhorn beetle, from 04.VII. to 25.VII. 2016, 9 ind., URZF leg.
Biology and ecology. X. affinis is an extremely polyphagous ambrosia beetle species, reported from about 248 host plants, both broadleaf trees and conifers, without any specific preference (Schedl 1963; Wood & Bright 1992). In Europe, the species has been found in ornamental plants of the genus Dracaena imported from Central America (Carrai 1992; Merkl & Tusnadi 1992). In its native range, this ambrosia beetle bores galleries in the xylem of weakened, injured or recently cut trees, but occasionally may infest also healthy trees (Sobel et al. 2018). Xyleborus affinis is a highly selective species according to wood moisture and decay, preferring large and very moist wood of recently dead trees (Sobel et al. 2018). For this reason, X. affinis can be particularly abundant in undebarked trunks partially immersed or left on wet soils.
Damage and infestation risk. X. affinis carry the pathogenic fungus Raffaelea lauricola TC Harr., Fraedrich & Aghayeva, which causes a disease lethal for many Lauraceae tree species, but it is not an effective vector (Carrillo et al. 2013). Moreover, X. affinis is well-known for causing structural damage to fresh timber, particularly on moist soil, decreasing its quality and the economic value (Sobel et al. 2018).
Notes
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Linked records
Additional details
Identifiers
Biodiversity
- Collection code
- URZF
- Event date
- 2016-07-04
- Family
- Curculionidae
- Genus
- Xyleborus
- Kingdom
- Animalia
- Order
- Coleoptera
- Phylum
- Arthropoda
- Scientific name authorship
- Eichhoff
- Species
- affinis
- Taxon rank
- species
- Verbatim event date
- 2016-07-04/25
References
- Gohli, J., Selvarajah, T., Kirkendall, L. R. & Jordal, B. H. (2016) Globally distributed Xyleborus species reveal recurrent intercontinental dispersal in a landscape of ancient worldwide distributions. BMC Evolutionary Biology, 16, 37 - 48. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / s 12862 - 016 - 0610 - 7
- Cola, L. (1971) Mit fremden Holzern eingesebleppte Insekten insbesondere Scolytidae and Platypodidae. Anzeiger fur Schadlingskunde and Pflanzenschutz, 49 (5), 65 - 68. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 02027387
- Cola, L. (1973) Mit fremden Holzern eingesebleppte Insekten, insbesondere Scolytidae and Platypodidae (2. Beitrag). Anzeiger fur Schadlingskunde, Pflanzen- und Umweltschutz, 46 (7), 7 - 11. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 01992961
- Merkl, O. & Tusnadi, C. K. (1992) First introduction of Xyleborus affinis (Coleoptera Scolytidae), a pest of Dracaena fragans ' Massangeana' to Hungary. Folia Entomologica Hungarica, 52, 67 - 72.
- Carrai, C. (1992) Xyleborus affinis Eich. (Coleoptera, Scolytidae) su tronchetti di Dracaena di importazione. Informatore Fitopatologico, 10, 27 - 30.
- Holzer, E. (2007) Erstnachweise und Wiederfunde fur die Kaferfauna der Steiermark (X) (Coleoptera). Joannea Zoologie, 9, 51 - 68.
- Schedl, K. E. (1963) Scolytidae und Platypodidae Afrikas. Band 2. Familie Scolytidae. Revista de Entomologia de Mocambique, 5, 1 - 594.
- Wood, S. L. & Bright, D. E. Jr. (1992) A catalog of Scolytidae and Platypodidae (Coleoptera), part 2: Taxonomic index. Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs, 13, 1 - 1553.
- Sobel, L., Lucky, A. & Hulcr, J. (2018) Xyleborus affinis Eichhoff, 1868 (Insecta: Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae). EENY 627, University of Florida. Available from: http: // entnemdept. ufl. edu / creatures / trees / beetles / Xyleborus _ affinis. htm / (accessed 1 March 2019)
- Carrillo, D., Duncan, R. E., Ploetz, J. N., Campbell, A. F., Ploetz, R. C. & Pena, J. E. (2013) Lateral transfer of a phytopathogenic symbiont among native and exotic ambrosia beetles. Plant Pathology, 63, 54 - 62. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / ppa. 12073