Published January 8, 2019 | Version v1
Dataset Open

Recovery from 6‐month spaceflight at the International Space Station: muscle‐related stress into a proinflammatory setting

Creators

  • 1. Department of Experimental, Diagnostic, and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
  • 2. National Research Council-Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology (CNR-IBFM), Segrate, Milan, Italy.
  • 3. Galvani Interdepartmental Center, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
  • 4. Faculty of Medical Engineering and Technomathematics, FH Aachen University of Applied Sciences, Aachen, Germany.
  • 5. Department of Orthopaedics, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
  • 6. Department of Orthopaedics, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
  • 7. Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
  • 8. Sport Medicine Center, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
  • 9. Centre of Human and Applied Physiological Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
  • 10. Fondazione Salvatore Maugeri, Institute of Hospitalization and Scientific Care (IRCCS), Scientific Institute of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
  • 11. IRCCS, Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy.
  • 12. Department of Applied Mathematics, Institute of Information Technology, Mathematics, and Mechanics (ITMM), Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod-National Research University (UNN), Nizhny Novogoro, Russia.
  • 13. Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padua, Italy.
  • 14. Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Cologne, Germany

Description

The Sarcolab pilot study of 2 crewmembers, investigated before and after a 6-mo International Space Station mission, has demonstrated the substantial muscle wasting and weakness, along with disruption of muscle's oxidative metabolism. The present work aimed at evaluating the pro/anti-inflammatory status in the same 2 crewmembers (A, B). Blood circulating (c-)microRNAs (miRs), c-proteasome, c-mitochondrial DNA, and cytokines were assessed by real-time quantitative PCR or ELISA tests. Time series analysis was performed ( i.e., before flight and after landing) at 1 and 15 d of recovery (R+1 and R+15, respectively). C-biomarkers were compared with an age-matched control population and with 2-dimensional proteomic analysis of the 2 crewmembers' muscle biopsies. Striking differences were observed between the 2 crewmembers at R+1, in terms of inflamma-miRs (c-miRs-21-5p, -126-3p, and -146a-5p), muscle specific (myo)-miR-206, c-proteasome, and IL-6/leptin, thus making the 2 astronauts dissimilar to each other. Final recovery levels of c-proteasome, c-inflamma-miRs, and c-myo-miR-206 were not reverted to the baseline values in crewmember A. In both crewmembers, myo-miR-206 changed significantly after recovery. Muscle biopsy of astronaut A showed an impressive 80% increase of α-1-antitrypsin, a target of miR-126-3p. These results point to a strong stress response induced by spaceflight involving muscle tissue and the proinflammatory setting, where inflamma-miRs and myo-miR-206 mediate the systemic recovery phase after landing

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