Proto-respiration is the physical basis of life

To articulate it as simply as possible, cellular energy is stored in H2O and CH2O. The cathode in proto-respiration can be both O2 and CO2. The three pathways, acid-base cell, carbohydrate production, and carbohydrate discharge, have the same chemical reactions. In all three, the cathode is reduced with hydrogen gas, from hydrogen ions and electrons, and the anode is oxidized with hydroxyl radicals from hydroxide ions. The anode is the same in the acid-base and carbohydrate producing pathways, and the cathode is the same in the acid-base and carbohydrate discharge pathway. Three pathways, two anodes, two cathodes.