FIGURE 5 in Craniocervical feeding dynamics of Tyrannosaurus rex

FIGURE 5. Position vectors for craniocervical muscles of Tyrannosaurus rex (AMNH 5027; skeletal drawings modified from Paul 1988) with the head and neck held in a dorsiflexed posture. Note that the parallel lines of pull for M. longissimus capitis superficialis would have enabled particularly forceful lateroflexion in this posture. These lateral ordinations enable decomposition of x and y components; lateral (z) components are the same as in a neutral posture (Fig. 2). A, M. longissimus capitis superficialis (M. long. cap. sup.) and M. complexus. B, M. longissimus capitis profundus (M. long. cap. prof.) and M. rectus capitis ventralis (M. r. c. v.). C, M. transversospinalis capitis (M. trans. cap.) and M. iliocostalis capitis (M. il. cap.). Muscle vectors and bone outlines follow the shading and dash conventions of Figure 2.